【摘要】 目的 探索中国6省（自治区）居民膳食炎症指数（dietary inflammatory index,DII）、植物性饮食模式评分（plant-based diet index,PDI）及其衍生指数健康植物性饮食评分（healthful plant-based diet index,hPDI）和不健康植物性饮食评分（unhealthful plant-based diet index,uPDI）与9种炎症因子的横断面关联。方法 根据性别和年龄分层选取2018年江苏省、广西壮族自治区、辽宁省、陕西省、贵州省、湖南省参加中国健康与营养调查（China Health and Nutrition Survey,CHNS）并具有完整膳食数据、血生化数据和保留血液样本的≥18岁居民作为研究对象，对其血清中9种炎症因子进行检测。采用多重线性回归分析膳食模式与炎症因子的关联。结果 经过纳入排除后，1 948人纳入分析，调整混杂因素后，发现与DII的最低四分位数（Q1）相比，最高四分位数（Q4）与自然对数转化后的白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6, IL-6)[ln(IL-6)]水平呈正相关（β=0.08, 95%CI:0.02～0.15），与PDI的最低四分位数（Q1）相比，第二四分位数（Q2）和第三四分位数（Q3）均与白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8,IL-8)水平呈正相关（Q2:β=0.08,95%CI:0.01～0.14;Q3:β=0.08,95%CI:0.02～0.15）。在PDI的衍生指数中，hPDI的Q3(β=0.08,95%CI:0.02～0.15),Q4(β=0.09,95%CI:0.02～0.15)与Q1相比，IL-8水平上升。与uPDI的Q1相比，Q4组的肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-α)、IL-6、 IL-8的水平上升（β=0.04, 95%CI:0～0.07; β=0.09, 95%CI:0.03～0.16; β=0.07,95%CI:0.02～0.14）。限制性立方样条曲线分析显示，4种膳食模式与炎症因子的剂量反应关系大致为线性关系。结论 中国人群中DII和uPDI可能会导致某些炎症因子升高，但与其他炎症因子的相关性不强，需要开发适合中国人群的膳食评价体系，保持健康的膳食模式可能有助于控制血清炎症因子水平，减少慢病发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the cross-sectional associations between the dietary inflammatory index(DII), the plant-based diet index(PDI), and its derivatives, the healthful plant-based diet index(hPDI) and unhealthful plant-based diet index(uPDI), with nine inflammatory markers among residents in six provinces of China.Methods Participants aged 18 and older from Jiangsu, Guangxi, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Guizhou, and Hunan provinces, who had complete dietary data, biochemical data, and preserved blood samples, were selected from the 2018 China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS).Serum levels of nine inflammatory markers were measured.Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to examine the associations between dietary indices and inflammatory markers.Results After exclusions, 1 948 participants were included in the analysis.After adjusting for confounders, compared to the lowest quartile(Q1) of DII, the highest quartile(Q4) was positively associated with the natural logarithm of interleukin-6(IL-6) levels(β=0.08, 95%CI: 0.02-0.15).Regarding PDI, the second(Q2) and third(Q3) quartiles were positively associated with interleukin-8(IL-8) levels compared to Q1(Q2: β =0.08, 95%CI: 0.01-0.14; Q3: β =0.08, 95%CI: 0.02-0.15).For hPDI, Q3 and Q4 were associated with increased IL-8 levels compared to Q1(Q3: β =0.08, 95%CI: 0.02-0.15; Q4: β=0.09, 95%CI: 0.02-0.15).In comparison to Q1 of unhealthful PDI(uPDI), Q4 showed elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)(β=0.04, 95%CI: 0-0.07), IL-6(β=0.09, 95%CI: 0.03-0.16), and IL-8(β=0.07, 95%CI: 0.02-0.14).Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated approximately linear dose-response relationships between the four dietary patterns and the inflammatory markers.Conclusions The DII and uPDI may contribute to elevated levels of certain inflammatory markers in the Chinese population, although their associations with other inflammatory markers were not strong.There is a need to develop a dietary assessment system tailored to the Chinese population, as maintaining a healthy dietary pattern may help control serum inflammatory marker levels and reduce the incidence of chronic diseases.更多还原