【摘要】 用药依从性是评估患者在治疗过程中是否遵循医嘱的重要指标，依从性的高低直接影响疾病控制效果和患者生活质量，因此，对用药依从性进行准确且有效的评估是进行慢病管理和干预的重要基础。本文以慢性阻塞性肺疾病（下称“慢阻肺”）和哮喘2种慢性呼吸系统疾病为代表，对现有用药依从性的测量方法及应用现状进行综述发现，现有的用药依从性评估方法可以分为客观测量法和主观测量法。客观测量法包括药物浓度监测法、药片计数法和电子药物装置法等，通常具有较高的准确性；主观测量法包括医师评估法、吸入步骤评估法和问卷调查法等，具有操作简单且易于实施的特点，但其准确性往往受到评估者或患者主观因素的影响，可能导致结果存在偏差。目前在评估用药依从性时仍缺乏公认的“金标准”，需根据研究目标、疾病类型、患者特征及数据可获得性等因素选择合适的测量方法，以确保评估结果的有效性和可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Medication adherence is an important indicator for assessing whether patients follow medical advice during treatment, and its level directly affects disease control and the quality of life of patients. Therefore, accurate and effective assessment is essential for chronic disease management and intervention. This paper takes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and asthma, two types of chronic respiratory diseases, as representative to review the existing measurement methods and current application status of medication adherence. It is found that the existing assessment methods for medication adherence can be categorized into objective measurement methods and subjective measurement methods. Objective measures include drug concentration monitoring, pill counting, and electronic medication devices, which generally offer high accuracy. Subjective measures include physician assessments, inhalation technique evaluations, and questionnaires. While these methods are straightforward and easy to implement, their accuracy is often influenced by the subjective factors of assessors of patients, which may lead to biased results. Currently, there is still a lack of a universally accepted “gold standard” for evaluating medication adherence. Selecting the appropriate measurement method requires a comprehensive consideration of factors such as research objectives, disease type, patient characteristics, and data availability to ensure the validity and reliability of the assessment results.更多还原