【摘要】 目的 探讨氨溴索雾化吸入对儿科重症监护室（PICU）行有创机械通气治疗重症肺炎患儿血气指标及炎症因子的影响。方法 选取2023年1月至2024年9月赣州市妇幼保健院PICU收治的60例重症肺炎患儿作为研究对象，按照随机数字表法分为研究组（n=30）和对照组（n=30）。两组患儿均在常规治疗的基础上实施有创机械通气，对照组给予氯化钠溶液雾化吸入，研究组给予盐酸氨溴索注射液雾化吸入。比较两组治疗前后血气指标和炎症因子的变化、肺功能及预后情况。结果 治疗后，研究组动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）、氧合指数（OI）、第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、呼气峰流速（PEF）及小儿危重病例评分（PCIS）均高于对照组，动脉血二氧化碳分压（Pa CO₂）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 重症肺炎患儿行有创机械通气治疗时配合氨溴索雾化吸入，可进一步改善血气指标、缓解炎症反应，加快肺功能恢复，提升预后效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of Ambroxol nebulisation inhalation on blood gas indexes and inflammatory factors in children with severe pneumonia treated with invasive mechanical ventilation in pediatric intensive care unit（PICU）. Methods A total of 60 paediatric patients with severe pneumonia admitted to the PICU of Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2023 and September 2024 were selected as study subjects, and they were divided into the study group（n=30） and the control group（n=30） by random number table method. Both groups of paediatric patients received invasive mechanical ventilation in addition to standard treatment. The control group was administered nebulised Sodium Chloride solution, while the study group received nebulised Ambroxol hydrochloride solution. The changes of blood gas indexes and inflammatory factors, lung function and prognosis of the two groups before and after treatment were compared. Results After treatment, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen（Pa O₂）, oxygenation index（OI）, forced expiratory volume in one second（FEV₁）, forced vital capacity（FVC）, peak expiratory flow rate（PEF） and pediatric critical illness score（PCIS） of the study group were higher than those of the control group, while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood（Pa CO₂）, C-reactive protein（CRP）, tumor necrosis factor alpha（TNF-α）, interleukin 8（IL-8） of the study group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nebulisation inhalation of Ambroxol combined with invasive mechanical ventilation in children with severe pneumonia can further improve blood gas indicators, alleviate inflammatory reaction, accelerate the recovery of lung function, and improve the prognosis.更多还原