【摘要】 针对常见的非等高桥塔和不等边跨的非对称桥塔大跨铁路悬索桥大节段加劲梁吊装施工线形控制难度较大的问题，基于Ernst等效弹性模量法将边缆简化为斜拉索，推导加劲梁吊装施工过程中桥塔纵桥向抗推刚度及最大偏位的计算式。以峡谷地区某千米级主跨铁路悬索桥加劲梁大节段吊装施工为工程背景，建立空间有限元模型，通过加劲梁吊装阶段的倒拆以及合理成桥状态和施工过程中关键构件的受力和变形分析，研究非对称桥塔对大节段吊装施工过程中悬索桥结构的影响效应。结果表明：提出的塔顶纵向偏位计算式与有限元模型计算值之差在10%以下，满足加劲梁吊装施工阶段的精度要求；当塔顶高程相同且边跨差小于10%时，即便塔身高差超100 m，其对施工及成桥状态下的线形与杆件受力影响仍可忽略不计，但对合龙口空间几何形态影响显著，两侧合龙口高差最大可达50%；塔顶偏位、主缆弹性模量和加劲梁自重对合龙口空间几何形态影响很小。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the difficulty in the alignment control of large-span railway suspension bridges with asymmetric bridge towers(common non-equal-height towers and unequal-span sections) during the large segment hoisting erection of stiffening girders, the study simplifies side cables into stay cables based on Ernst’s equivalent elastic modulus theory, and derives theoretical formulas for longitudinal anti-thrust stiffness and maximum pylon-top offset during the hoisting erection of stiffening girders. Taking the large segment hoisting erection of stiffening girders for a practical kilometer-class main span railway suspension bridge in canyon area, a spatial finite element model was established. Through the reverse dismantling of stiffening girders in hoisting stage, the reasonable completion state and the stress and deformation analysis of key components during construction, the effect of asymmetric bridge towers on suspension bridge structure during large segment hoisting erection was studied. Results show that the proposed practical formula for longitudinal pylon-top offset maintains less than 10% deviation from the calculation value of finite element model, meeting construction accuracy requirements. When tower-top elevations are identical and side-span differences are below 10%, asymmetric pylons with height differentials exceeding 100 m exhibit negligible impact on both alignment and member forces under construction and completion of the bridge, yet cause significant effect on closure spatial geometry with maximum height differences of 50% between closure sections. Pylon-top offset, main cable elastic modulus, and girder self-weight demonstrate slight sensitivity to closure geometry.更多还原