【摘要】 在全球科技革命和产业变革的背景下，战略性新兴产业成为经济高质量发展与国际竞争的核心焦点。然而，其长周期、高投入、高风险特征造成传统短期资本供给不足，耐心资本凭借长期投资、强风险承受力、综合赋能等独特属性，成为匹配该产业资金需求的关键资本形态。我国采取政策引导、国有资本引领等举措推动耐心资本发展，在集成电路、新能源汽车等领域取得一定成效，但仍面临着供给总量不足、风险管理体系不健全、投资退出机制不完善等挑战。基于此，本文明确界定耐心资本与战略性新兴产业核心概念及赋能机制，结合发展现状与现存瓶颈，提出拓宽资本来源渠道、优化耐心资本投资环境、完善投资退出机制等针对性对策建议，以期推动两者深度协同发展，助力战略性新兴产业突破关键核心技术、实现规模化发展，为我国构建现代化产业体系、提升全球竞争优势提供资本支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Against the backdrop of the global technological revolution and industrial transformation,strategic emerging industries have become the core focus of high-quality economic development and international competitiveness.However,their characteristics of long investment cycles,high capital requirements,and elevated risk levels result in insufficient traditional short-term capital supply.Patient capital,with its unique attributes of long-term investment,strong risk tolerance,and comprehensive empowerment capabilities,has become the key form of capital suited to meet the funding needs of these industries.China has promoted the development of patient capital through policy guidance and state-owned capital leadership,achieving notable results in sectors such as integrated circuits and new energy vehicles.Nevertheless,challenges remain,including insufficient overall capital supply,underdeveloped risk management systems,and imperfect investment exit mechanisms.In response,this paper clearly defines the core concepts and enabling mechanisms of patient capital and strategic emerging industries,analyzes the current development status and existing bottlenecks,and proposes targeted measures such as broadening capital sources,optimizing the investment environment for patient capital,and improving investment exit mechanisms.These recommendations aim to promote the deep coordination between patient capital and strategic emerging industries,facilitate breakthroughs in key core technologies,support large-scale development,and provide capital backing for China’s efforts to build a modern industrial system and enhance global competitiveness.更多还原