【摘要】 生态保护是生态文明法治建设的重要内容。在现行生态保护法律体系中，生态保护规范涉及领域众多，内容丰富。如何以适当的方式在生态环境法典中对生态保护规范进行安排，成为法典编纂中的一个重要问题。该研究基于对生态保护的特点、生态保护法治和生态环境法典编纂内在需求等因素的考量，认为生态环境法典的生态保护规范应基于空间治理范式进行法律制度设计和篇章结构安排。在法律制度层面，生态保护红线、生态环境分区管控、生态风险防控、生态管护、生态修复、生态保护补偿等制度充分体现了空间治理范式，应在生态环境法典中作出明确规定，并适用于相应的领域。以这些关键制度为基础，生态系统保护、重要地理单元保护和自然保护地管理在生态环境法典中以递进的线索，集中体现了空间治理范式在生态环境法律体系化中的运用。其中，作为生态保护对象的生态空间最主要地具象化为生态系统保护，在内容上以生物多样性保护的逻辑展开，在篇章结构上可设生态系统保护、物种保护专章，同时从生态与资源所具有的“一体两面”的特征考虑，可设置自然资源保护和可持续利用专章；重要地理单元保护规范在价值理念层面以生态整体主义理念、人与自然和谐共生和可持续发展理念为基础，在编纂技术上以“纲举目张”的方式，有重点地加强对生态系统的综合性、整体性保护，特别是应就重要流域和区域保护作出与现行相关法律相衔接的规定；自然保护地是生态空间的特殊组成部分和重要地理单元的一类重要形态，生态环境法典应在空间治理范式下就自然保护地管理作出指引性规定。这样的内容安排和篇章结构是生态环境法典的重大创新。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological conservation is one of the most significant components of the rule of law in ecological civilization. The existing legislative system for ecological conservation encompasses a wide range of fields and exhibits complexity in content. Appropriately arranging the ecological conservation norms in the Ecological and Environmental Code(hereinafter referred to as “the Code”) has become a critical issue. Based on considerations concerning the characteristics of ecological conservation, the rule of law in ecological conservation, and the intrinsic requirements of codifying the Code, this paper argues that the Code should be designed and structured according to the spatial governance paradigm. At the level of legal institutions, key mechanisms such as ecological conservation redlines, ecological environment zoning and control, ecological risk prevention, ecological management and restoration, and ecological compensation exemplify spatial governance principles and should be explicitly codified and applied to their respective domains. Building on these mechanisms, the Code should address ecosystem conservation, critical geographical unit protection, and management of natural protected areas in an incremental manner, demonstrating the application of the spatial governance paradigm to the systematization of the ecological and environmental law. Among them, ecological space, as the object of conservation, primarily manifests through biodiversity-focused provisions in the chapters on ecosystem conservation and species protection. A separate chapter on natural resource protection and sustainable utilization should be established to address the nature of resource-related features of ecological factors. The norms protecting critical geographical units should embody the principles of ecological holism, harmony between humanity and nature, and sustainable development. Furthermore, priority should be given to comprehensive and holistic ecosystem conservation, especially through provisions concerning major river basins and regional protection that align with existing laws. As natural protected areas are a special component of ecological space and an important form of key geographical units, the Code should incorporate guiding provisions concerning their management under the spatial governance paradigm. Such arrangement and structure constitute a significant innovation in the Code.更多还原