【摘要】 碳普惠制度是保障碳普惠规范、平稳运行的制度，完善该制度在推动碳减排与实现个人低碳活动收益中具有正向价值。基于此，从对相关规定解构来看，碳普惠制度中的个人低碳行为信息与个人隐私信息存在交叉，碳普惠数据所有权的归属究竟是属于个人、企业还是政府未有定论。此外，对碳普惠减排量的性质进行探究，难以界定其究竟是碳排放权的内容还是碳交易产品。研究发现：碳普惠数据来自个人在低碳空间中作出的行为，由平台采集后确认形成，是属于企业平台所有的财产；经核证的碳普惠减排量以个人减排量为核心，是自愿减排交易的产品，亦具备财产性质。因此，碳市场交易中碳普惠减排量的性质即商品。交易产生的利益可分为两个层面，一是碳排放空间公共利益，二是属于产生碳减排量的个体的收益。碳普惠制度欲与全国碳排放权交易市场对接，必然要依据以上理论路径，进行制度重构。该研究提出以下建议：(1)构建完整的碳普惠规范体系，在《碳排放权交易管理暂行条例》《温室气体自愿减排交易管理办法（试行）》中明确规定碳普惠减排量属于交易产品序列，且个人主体能够参与交易；(2)建立碳普惠数据确权与流通制度，明确平台享有占有、使用、收益和处置的权能，在双重利益结构框架下明确个人作为低碳数据提供方的权益；(3)通过个人碳账户分配碳普惠制度运行中产生的数据利益和减碳利益；(4)必须明确界定碳普惠减排量为独立的交易产品，辅之以配套制度，开发独立的碳普惠项目及其方法学，推进地方碳普惠市场与全国碳排放权交易市场的衔接。更多还原

【Abstract】 The carbon inclusive system is a mechanism designed to ensure the standardized and stable operation of carbon inclusiveness. Improving this system has positive implications for promoting carbon reduction and enabling individuals to benefit from their lowcarbon activities. A legal dogmatic analysis and deconstruction of relevant regulations reveal an overlap between personal low-carbon behavior information and personal privacy information within the carbon inclusive system. No consensus has been reached on whether the ownership of carbon inclusion data belongs to individuals, enterprises, or the public. In addition, the nature of carbon inclusive emission reductions is unclear: are they the content of carbon emission rights or carbon trading products? Research indicates that carbon inclusion data come from individuals’ actions in low-carbon spaces, which are collected and confirmed by corporate platforms, and constitute property rights owned by these platforms. Verified carbon inclusive emission reductions, based on individual emission reductions, are products of voluntary emission trading, and also have property characteristics. Therefore, the nature of carbon inclusive emission reductions in carbon market trading is commodity. The benefits arising from these transactions can be divided into two levels: the public interest of carbon emission space and the income of individuals generating carbon reduction emissions. To connect the carbon inclusive system with the national carbon emission trading market, a systematic reconfiguration based on the aforementioned theoretical pathway is necessary. Therefore, it is recommended to establish a comprehensive and systematic carbon inclusion regulatory system.The Interim Regulations on the Management of Carbon Emission Trading and the Management Measures for Voluntary Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Trading(Trial) should explicitly classify carbon inclusive emission reductions as tradable products, allowing individual participation in trading. Simultaneously, a system for confirming and circulating a carbon inclusive data ownership should be established, clarifying the platform’s rights to possess, use, benefit from, and dispose of low-carbon data, while affirming the rights of individuals as providers of low-carbon data within the framework of a dual benefit structure. Furthermore, it is recommended to allocate the data and carbon reduction benefits generated during the operation of the carbon inclusive system through individual carbon accounts.Finally, carbon inclusive emission reductions should be clearly defined as independent trading products, supplemented by supporting systems; independent carbon inclusive projects and their methodologies should be developed; and the connection between local carbon inclusive markets and national carbon emission trading markets should be promoted.更多还原