【摘要】 以云南大理烟草种植为研究对象开展田间试验，设置对照不施肥（CK）、常规化肥（CF）、有机肥配施化肥（CM）、有机肥配施水溶肥（WS）和有机肥配施复合菌剂（OM）共5个处理，采用静态箱-气相色谱法高频监测烟草全生育期内烟田垄上和垄下N₂O排放，分析N₂O排放因子和单位产量排放强度变化及相关影响因素，以探究不同养分条件下烟田N₂O排放特征和排放因子，为烟草行业碳排放统计核算和低碳发展提供依据。结果表明：烟草全生育期不同养分管理下烟田N₂O累计排放量为3.89～5.74kg·hm^-2,CF处理与CM、OM处理存在显著差异（P<0.05），相较于CF处理，其他处理N₂O累计排放量降低了18.45%～32.29%。N₂O排放因子变化为0.31%～1.60%，各处理排放因子从高到低依次为CF>WS>OM>CM,CF处理与CM处理差异显著（P<0.05）。不同养分管理下单位产量N₂O排放强度为1.31～2.17kgN₂O·t^-1,CM处理、WS处理和OM单位产量N₂O排放强度显著降低39.81%、33.42%和37.58%（P<0.05）。N₂O累计排放量与氮投入、无机氮投入呈正相关关系，与碳投入、有机氮投入以及土壤矿质氮含量呈负相关关系，与植株吸氮量无显著相关。说明烟草种植中通过有机肥替代化肥、配施水溶肥和复合菌剂能有效降低N₂O排放，同时提高烟叶产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Filed experiment of tobacco cultivation was conducted in Dali, Yunnan with five treatments, including no fertilizer（CK）, conventional chemical fertilizer（CF）, combined organic and chemical fertilizers（CM）, organic fertilizer with water-soluble fertilizer（WS） and organic fertilizer with microbial agents（OM）. High-frequency monitoring of N₂O flux from both ridges and furrows of tobacco field was conducted during the growth period, using the static chamber-gas chromatography method. Variation in N₂O emissions, emission intensity per unit yield and the influencing factors under different nutrient managements were analyzed, aiming to identify the emission characteristics and provide basic evidences for carbon emission accounting and low-carbon development in tobacco industry. Results showed that cumulative N₂O emissions under different nutrient managements ranged from 3.89 to 5.74 kg·ha^-1 during the growth period, with significant differences observed between CF, CM and OM treatments（P<0.05）. Compared to CF, other treatments reduced N₂O emissions by 18.45%-32.29%. The N₂O emission factors varied from 0.31% to 1.60%, with the order from highest to lowest being CF, WS, OM and CM. Significant differences were found between CF and CM（P<0.05）. N₂O emission intensity per unit yield varied from 1.31 to 2.17 kg N₂O·t^-1, with significant reductions of 39.81%, 33.42% and 37.58% in CM, WS and OM, respectively（P<0.05）. Cumulative N₂O emissions were positively correlated with total and chemical nitrogen input, negatively correlated with carbon input, organic nitrogen input, and soil mineral nitrogen content, and not significantly correlated with plant nitrogen uptake. In conclusion, organic fertilizer substitution, along with water-soluble fertilizers and functional microbial agents, can effectively decrease N₂O emissions and enhance tobacco yield.更多还原