【摘要】 利用2008-2019年浙江省杭州市春季（2-4月）逐日探空资料和欧洲中期天气预报中心第五代再分析数据集（ERA5），分析逆温层的时空分布特征、量化垂直空间基差风险，为优化茶叶气象指数保险方案设计、约定测站选择及向茶农宣导逆温层现象提供理论依据。结果表明：（1）现有气象站在垂直方向的分布密度尚不能覆盖参保区域的整体风险性，即使约定测站与参保标的距离相近，也会因海拔差、逆温层等原因导致垂直基差风险。（2）杭州地区2月逆温层厚度和强度高于3月、4月，2月开采的早生茶树品种需谨慎选择约定测站以降低基差风险。（3）气象指数厘定灾损和实际灾损存在差异，处于逆温层的参保户可能面临较大垂直空间基差风险，需建立基于海拔的精细化理赔产品，依海拔进行投保及理赔，从而降低垂直空间基差风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aims to investigate the impact of inversion layer on insurance products for tea cold-frost damage index, to optimize the design of weather index-based tea insurance products and the selection of reference weather stations for insurance claims and to help tea growers better understand the science behind temperature inversion. Sounding data from Hangzhou weather station and ERA5 reanalysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) in the spring(February to April) of the period from 2008 to 2019were used to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution of inversion layer and the basis risk due to altitude difference. The results showed that current weather stations were not dense enough to represent the overall weather risk of the insured area. Also, basis risk existed even if the reference weather stations were close to the insured area.This was because basis risk was altitude dependent and could be affected by the inversion layer. It was shown that the inversion layer was thicker and more intense in February than in March and April. As a result, it should be more careful when selecting the reference weather stations for early spring tea grown at different altitudes to minimize the basis risk. Moreover, the weather index-based yield loss could be deviated from the actual yield loss. The variation of the basis risk in the vertical direction was larger for tea plantations located in the mountains than in the plains.Therefore, it is recommended to treat altitude as a key variable when designing weather index-based insurance products in order to reduce the basis risk.更多还原