【摘要】 为提升某锰矿开采区域土壤修复效率，选取当地自然恢复优势物种青竹、芒草和马尾松作为先锋作物，设置空白对照、单一种植及比例混合种植5类样地，通过测定植被群落结构、土壤微生物多样性、重金属残留量及养分指标，量化修复效果。结果显示：(1)组合种植样地植被盖度达90%,物种数提升至19种，植株密度超800株/km~2,显著高于单一种植；(2)芒草样地土壤细菌α多样性最高(Shannon指数8.29,物种数1 093种),无优势菌群；(3)青竹单一种植对锰的去除率达83.5%,土壤锰含量从312.6 mg/kg降至51.2 mg/kg,优于其他样地(组合与芒草样地均为65.4 mg/kg),砷、镉等7种重金属含量均低于国家限值；(4)芒草单植显著提升土壤有机质至(8.32±0.04) g/kg,氮、钾含量分别达(59.78±0.38) mg/kg与(115.58±0.26) mg/kg,而组合种植提升磷含量。研究表明，组合种植可协同优化生物多样性与土壤养分，青竹专一性降锰效果突出，该技术适用于高锰污染矿区生态修复，但需进一步优化植物的富集效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 To enhance soil remediation efficiency in a manganese mining area, local dominant species from natural recovery—Pseudosasa amabilis(bamboo), Miscanthus(silvergrass), and Pinus massoniana(Masson pine)—were selected as pioneer crops. Five plot types were established: blank control, monoculture, and proportional mixed plantings. Remediation effectiveness was quantified by measuring vegetation community structure, soil microbial diversity, heavy metal residues, and nutrient indicators. Key results showed:(1) Combined planting plots achieved 90% vegetation coverage, increased species richness to 19, and reached a plant density exceeding 800 plants/km~2, significantly outperforming monoculture.(2) Miscanthus monoculture plots exhibited the highest soil bacterial α-diversity(Shannon index: 8.29; species count: 1,093), with no dominant bacterial phyla.(3) Pseudosasa amabilis monoculture demonstrated the highest Mn removal rate(83.5%), reducing soil Mn content from 312.6 mg/kg to 51.2 mg/kg, superior to other treatments(both combined planting and Miscanthus monoculture: 65.4 mg/kg). Concentrations of seven other heavy metals(including As and Cd) were below national limits.(4) Miscanthus monoculture significantly increased soil organic matter to(8.32±0.04) g/kg, with N and K contents reaching(59.78±0.38) mg/kg and(115.58±0.26) mg/kg, respectively, while combined planting enhanced P content. This study indicates that combined planting synergistically optimizes biodiversity and soil nutrients. Pseudosasa amabilis exhibits exceptional specificity for Mn reduction. This technique is suitable for ecological remediation in highly Mn-contaminated mining areas but requires further optimization of plant accumulation efficiency.更多还原