【摘要】 国家科学基金的布局与演变反映了国家科技战略的优先方向。本文以澳大利亚研究理事会的发现项目为例，采用BERTopic主题模型进行分析，结合项目数量、资助金额及其占比，揭示其基础研究的资助布局和核心主题发展态势。研究发现，ARC的资助策略已从追求项目广度转向提升项目质量，顶尖高等教育机构在资金争取方面持续领先。主题分布显示，政治文化学、细胞生物学和生物多样性等领域的研究频繁获得资助，而核物理学和能源科学由于其高平均资助额，突显了对尖端科技和基础科学研究的支持，细胞生物学和能源科学等领域已成为科研创新的活跃领域。建议促进基础研究与应用研究的有效结合，加强对顶尖机构基础研究的支持，促进STEM与人文社科的基础研究协调发展，并重视基础研究的战略性和前瞻性布局。更多还原

【Abstract】 The layout and evolution of national science funds reflect the priority directions of national science and technology strategies.This paper examines the Australian Research Council(ARC)Discovery Project as a case study and employs the BERTopic topic model for analysis.By analyzing the number of projects, funding amounts, and their proportions, this study reveals the funding landscape of basic research and the development trends of core topics.The findings indicate that the ARC’s funding strategy has shifted from prioritizing project breadth to enhancing project quality, with leading higher education institutions consistently excelling in securing funding.The topic distribution shows that research in political culture, cell biology, and biodiversity frequently receives funding, while nuclear physics and energy science stand out due to their high average funding amounts, underscoring support for cutting-edge technology and basic scientific research.This paper recommends promoting the organic integration of basic and applied research, strengthening support for basic research in top institutions, encouraging the coordinated development of basic research in STEM and the humanities and social sciences, and emphasizing the strategic and forward-looking layout of basic research.更多还原