【摘要】 目的 分析四川省凉山彝族自治州疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒(Vaccine-derived poliovirus, VDPV)发生地区健康儿童非脊灰肠道病毒(Non-polio enterovirus, NPEV)携带状况的流行病学特征。方法 在凉山彝族自治州2019年Ⅱ型VDPV循环和2024年Ⅰ型VDPV发生地区采集1～5岁健康儿童粪便标本，进行NPEV分离培养、核酸序列测定和型别鉴定，分析NPEV阳性率和病原谱。结果 2019年调查地区儿童NPEV阳性率为36.33%(109/300),其中1岁、2岁、3岁、4岁、5岁儿童分别为74.58%(44/59)、41.38%(24/58)、33.33%(21/63)、26.98%(17/63)、5.26%(3/57),在所有阳性者中EV-A、EV-B、EV-C阳性分别占11.01%、44.95%、44.04%,优势型别为CVA24(15例，13.76%)、EV-C96(14例，12.84%)、CVA1(12例，11.01%)、E11(7例，6.42%)、E7(7例，6.42%)。2024年调查地区儿童NPEV阳性率为12.00%(6/50),其中1～3岁、4～5岁分别为12.50%(3/24)、11.54%(3/26),在所有阳性者中EV-A、EV-B、EV-C阳性分别占0.00%、16.67%、83.33%,优势型别为EV-C96(2例，33.33%)。结论 凉山彝族自治州VDPV发生地区1～5岁健康儿童NPEV优势携带型别从2019年EV-B和EV-C组向2024年EV-C组转变；需加强凉山彝族自治州EV-C监测，重点关注EV-C的致病性及其流行趋势对VDPV传播的潜在影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze characteristics of non-polio enterovirus(NPEV) carriage among healthy children in areas of Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture, Sichuan province where a vaccine-derived poliovirus(VDPV) had been identified.Methods We collected stool specimens from healthy children aged 1-5 years in areas of Liangshan where a circulating type Ⅱ VDPV was detected in 2019 and in areas where a type Ⅰ VDPV was detected in 2024. We conducted NPEV isolation, nucleic acid sequencing, and genotype identification to determine positivity rates and pathogenic spectra.Results In 2019, the NPEV positivity rate was 36.33%(109/300) among children in the study area, with 74.58%(44/59), 41.38%(24/58), 33.33%(21/63), 26.98%(17/63), and 5.26%(3/57) positive among 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds, respectively; among all NPEV-positive children, 11.01%, 44.95%, and 44.04% were positive to EV-A, EV-B, and EV-C; and predominant genotypes were CVA24(15 children, 13.76%), EV-C96(14 children, 12.84%), CVA1(12 children, 11.01%), E11(7 children, 6.42%), and E7(7 children, 6.42%). In 2024, the NPEV positivity rate was 12.00%(6/50), with rates of 12.50%(3/24) and 11.54%(3/26) in 1-3-and 4-5-year-olds; among NPEV-positive children, 0.00%, 16.67%, and 83.33% were positive to EV-A, EV-B, and EV-C, with the predominant genotype being EV-C96(2 children, 33.33%).Conclusions The predominant NPEV genotypes carried by healthy children aged 1-5 years in areas of Liangshan where VDPVs had been detected shifted from EV-B and EV-C in 2019 to EV-C in 2024. We should enhance EV-C monitoring in Liangshan and pay attention to its pathogenicity and its potential impact on the transmission of VDPV.更多还原