【摘要】 自张骞开通西域后，苜蓿遂入中国，然而目前对其原产地的认识还不统一。本文以43本不同时期记载苜蓿来源的史籍为考证材料，结合近现代研究成果，开展我国汉代苜蓿原产地的考证研究。结果表明，在古代史籍以及近现代研究中，对汉代苜蓿原产地的认识存在差异。总体上有六种说法：一是来自西域；二是来自大宛；三是来自罽宾；四是来自乌孙；五是来自安息；六是来自外国。东汉王逸是首个把苜蓿和西域关联起来的学者，但他与张骞、司马迁以及班固并不处于同一时代，且稍晚于班固，故将我国汉代苜蓿来源地的范围扩大到西域缺乏史料支持。苜蓿最早载于《史记·大宛列传》，在其后的史籍中多有类似记载，即我国汉代苜蓿来自大宛是确定的，是由出使西域的汉使由大宛国带入。虽然文献没有明确指出有人将罽宾苜蓿带入中原，但《汉书·西域传》有记载，不排除大宛苜蓿进入中原后，罽宾苜蓿在其后也进入中原的可能性。其余四种苜蓿来源地的说法均缺乏充分的史料支持，有待进一步考证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Alfalfa(Medicago sativa) was introduced into China following Zhang Qian′s diplomatic missions to the Western Region during the Han Dynasty. However, scholarly consensus regarding its precise provenance remains elusive. This study critically examines the origin of alfalfa in Han China by analyzing 43historical texts from various periods that document its source, integrated with modern research findings. Our analysis reveals significant discrepancies in the proposed origins of Han-era alfalfa across ancient records and contemporary studies, coalescing into six primary hypotheses:(1) the Western Regions broadly;(2) Dayuan(Ferghana);(3) Jibin(Kashmir region);(4) Wusun;(5) Anxi(Parthia); and(6) unspecified foreign lands. While Wang Yi of the Eastern Han Dynasty was the first scholar documented to explicitly associate alfalfa with the Western Regions, his era postdates those of Zhang Qian, Sima Qian, and Ban Gu. Consequently, the attribution solely to the broader Western Regions lacks substantive historiographical support.Alfalfa was firstly recorded in Shiji·Dayuan Liezhuan, and there were abundant similar records in the later historical books, that is, it is certain that the alfalfa in the Han Dynasty came from Dayuan and was brought from Dayuan by the Han envoys to the Western Regions. Although no extant texts explicitly record the introduction of alfalfa from Jibin to the Central Plains, the possibility cannot be entirely excluded following the initial introduction from Dayuan, as suggested by relevant accounts in the Hanshu(Book of Han), Xiyu Zhuan(Account of the Western Regions). The proposed origins from Wusun, Anxi, or other unspecified foreign lands lack convincing support from primary historical sources and warrant further validation.更多还原