【摘要】 耐多药结核病（multidrug-resistant tuberculosis,MDR-TB）患者密切接触者的抗结核预防性治疗（tuberculosis preventive treatment,TPT）是降低其发展为活动性结核病风险的关键干预措施。早期实施有效的预防对保护个体健康及遏制耐药结核病传播具有至关重要的意义。目前，MDR-TB患者密切接触者的TPT方案单一，且在我国存在证据缺口。因此，笔者围绕当前针对MDR-TB患者密切接触者进行TPT领域的核心议题，包括国内外指南依据，可用药物方案及其有效性与安全性等国内外研究现状进行综述，以期为推动我国研发更优化的MDR-TB患者密切接触者管理策略、研发更安全高效的短程预防方案提供科学参考与决策依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tuberculosis preventive treatment(TPT)among close contacts of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)patients is a critical intervention to reduce their risk of developing active tuberculosis.Early implementation of effective prevention is crucial for protecting individual health and curbing the spread of drugresistant tuberculosis.Currently,the TPT regimen for close contacts of MDR-TB patients is limited,and there is a lack of evidence in China.Therefore,this review focuses on core issues in the field of TPT for MDR-TB close contacts,including domestic and international guideline recommendations,available drug regimens,and their efficacy and safety based on current research.The aim is to provide scientific references and decision-making support for developing more optimized management strategies for MDR-TB close contacts and safer,more effective shortcourse preventive regimens in China.更多还原