【摘要】 阅读理解对个体的学业发展和社会参与至关重要。本文综述了孤独症谱系障碍个体阅读理解的特征、影响因素及相关眼动和脑成像研究。结果显示，孤独症谱系障碍个体普遍存在阅读理解障碍，其阅读理解特征随着年龄发展呈现不稳定性；单词解码能力、语言理解能力、阅读加工效率以及认知技能是影响其阅读理解表现的重要因素。与典型发展个体相比，孤独症谱系障碍个体在阅读理解任务中表现出独特的眼动特征和脑激活模式。未来研究应拓展研究对象范围，涵盖不同功能水平的孤独症谱系障碍个体；开发标准化阅读理解测量工具并推进纵向研究；深入剖析认知技能对孤独症谱系障碍个体阅读理解的作用机制；同时深化阅读理解的眼动与脑成像研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 Reading comprehension is crucial for individuals’ academic development and social participation. This paper reviews the characteristics and influencing factors of reading comprehension in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD), as well as related eye-tracking and neuroimaging studies.Results indicate that individuals with ASD generally exhibit reading comprehension deficits, with comprehension characteristics showing instability across development stages. Word decoding ability, language comprehension skills, reading processing efficiency, and cognitive abilities are key factors affecting reading comprehension perfomance.Compared to typically developing individuals, those with ASD exhibit distinctive eye movement patterns and brain activation profiles during reading comprehension tasks. Future research should expand the scope to include individuals with ASD across different functional levels; develop standardized assessment tools for reading comprehension and conduct longitudinal studies;analyze in depth the mechanisms through which cognitive skills influence reading comprehension in ASD; and further enhance eye-tracking and neuroimaging research in this area.更多还原