【摘要】 城市园林树木的结构参数是研究其表型学、生态功能和景观功能的重要信息，要获取立木的多个结构参数，测量成本较高。通过建立树木参数间关系，利用某一参数可以预估另外参数，降低成本。以福州市仓山区金山公园美丽异木棉为研究对象，利用便携式手持激光雷达扫描系统，获取高精度的树木结构三维点云数据，经过点云预处理，分割出目标对象的点云，然后采用人机交互方式提取树高、胸径、冠幅和枝下高。通过皮尔逊方法分析，胸径与树高和冠幅间相关性显著。利用这些数据，采用线性函数、对数函数、指数函数、幂函数、二项式函数、三项式函数分别拟合胸径与树高、冠幅的关系模型，根据拟合函数的样本统计量和一致性检验值选择其中最符合预期的函数模型并采用精度检验方法评价该模型的泛化能力。研究结果为：最优树高-胸径模型为H=8.665 36e^{0.013 13D};最优冠幅-胸径为C_W=-38.650 76+4.358 06D-0.127 89D²+0.001 24D³。更多还原

【Abstract】 The structural parameters of urban landscape trees are important information for studying their phenotypes, ecological functions and landscape functions. The measurement cost is high to obtain various structural parameters of a standing tree. By establishing the relationship between tree parameters, it is possible for one parameter to predict another, which can reduce costs. In this study, the portable handheld laser radar scanning system was utilized to obtain high-precision three-dimensional point cloud data of the tree structure in Jinshan Park, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, with the Ceiba speciosa as the research object.The target object was segmented after the point cloud pre-processing.Then, tree height, diameter at breast height, crown width and height under branches were extracted by human-computer interaction. The Pearson analysis result showed that breast height diameter was significantly correlated with tree height and crown width. Finally, the linear, logarithmic, exponential, power, binomial and trinomial function were used to fit the relationship model between diameter at breast height and tree height, crown width, respectively. According to the sample statistics and consistency test value of the fitting function, the most suitable function model was selected andits generalization ability was evaluated. The results show that the optimum model of tree height-diameter at breast height is H=8.665 36e^{0.013 13D}and width-diameter at breast height is C_W=-38.650 76+4.358 06D-0.127 89D²+0.001 24D³.更多还原