【摘要】 目的 探析肇庆市中心血站无偿献血者的NAT结果。方法 收集肇庆市中心血站检验科2021年7月至2024年3月经体格检查和血液初筛合格的无偿献血者血液标本。采用酶联免疫法检测HBsAg、Anti-HCV、HIV Ag/Ab、Anti TP和ALT，将酶联免疫法试剂呈反应性和ALT高于50的样本剔除，再对无偿献血者标本进行HBV-DNA、HCV-RNA、HIV-RNA混样NAT检测，混样结果呈反应性样本再行单人份拆分检测。对比不同年份无偿献血者核酸检测及NAT混检反应结果。结果 2021～2024年肇庆市无偿献血者标本核酸检测反应性率分别为0.09%、0.06%、0.14%、0.13%，组间比较差异有统计学意义（χ~2=18.134,P<0.05）。不同年份有效拆分率及HBV有效拆分率对比差异无统计学意义（χ~2=3.003、4.277,P>0.05）。2021～2024年不同年龄、性别、职业构成、学历的核酸检验不合格率比较差异有统计学意义（χ~2=51.471、14.045、57.523、65.481,P<0.05）。结论 NAT筛查检验合格率受到不同年龄、性别、职业构成、学历等因素的影响，因此应针对高危人群加强献血健康科普知识宣讲，保障临床用血安全。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the NAT results of voluntary blood donors at the central blood station in Zhaoqing city. Methods Blood samples from voluntary blood donors who underwent physical examinations and passed the initial blood screening at the central blood station of Zhaoqing from July 2021 to March 2024 were collected. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect HBsAg, Anti HCV, HIV Ag/Ab, Anti TP and ALT. Samples with reactive ELISA reagents and ALT above 50 were excluded. Then, HBV-DNA, HCV-RNA, and HIV-RNA mixed samples were subjected to NAT testing on samples from voluntary blood donors. Samples with reactive mixed results were subjected to individual split testing. The nucleic acid testing and NAT mixed test results of voluntary blood donors from different years were compared. Results The reactivity rates of nucleic acid testing for voluntary blood donors in Zhaoqing City from 2021 to 2024 were 0.09%, 0.06%, 0.14%, and 0.13%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups （χ~2=18.134, P<0.05）. There was no statistically significant difference in the effective resolution rate and HBV effective resolution rate between different years （χ~2=3.003, 4.277, P>0.05）. There was a statistically significant difference in the failure rate of nucleic acid testing among different ages, genders, occupational compositions, and educational backgrounds from 2021 to 2024（χ~2=51.471,14.045,57.523,65.481,P<0.05）. Conclusion The pass rate of NAT screening tests is influenced by factors such as age, gender, occupational composition, and education level. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the promotion of blood donation health knowledge for high-risk groups to ensure the safety of clinical blood use.更多还原