【摘要】 目的 了解山东省婴儿首剂次含百日咳成分疫苗及时接种情况，分析未及时接种的原因，为提高疫苗及时接种率提供参考。方法 从山东省免疫规划信息系统中获取统计时满3～11月龄，即2023年9月-2024年4月出生婴儿的含百日咳成分疫苗首剂次接种数据，计算及时接种率；采用分阶段随机抽样方法，在全省选取7个县(市、区),每个县(市、区)随机选取1家预防接种门诊，对未及时接种首剂次含百日咳成分疫苗的婴儿监护人进行问卷调查，收集和分析未及时接种原因。结果 山东省该时间段内出生391 635名婴儿，其中334 621名婴儿及时接种(≥2月龄但不足4月龄接种)首剂次含百日咳成分疫苗，及时接种率为85.44%。山东省首剂次接种率和及时接种率均东部地区最高、西部地区最低，差异有统计学意义(χ~2=274.41,P<0.05)。共对700名未及时接种首剂次疫苗婴儿的监护人进行调查，显示婴儿未及时接种的主要原因是婴儿患病(73.29%)和监护人时间冲突(16.57%),所患疾病主要为上呼吸道感染(占48.54%)、肺炎(占8.58%)、轻微消化系统疾病(6.82%)和湿疹(6.63%)等。结论 山东省婴儿含百日咳成分疫苗首剂次及时接种率仍有待提高，不同地区之间差异明显；未及时进行首剂次接种的主要原因是婴儿患病和监护人时间冲突。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the timeliness of the first dose of pertussis-containing vaccines among infants in Shandong Province, analyze the reasons for delayed vaccination, and provide a reference for improving the on-time vaccination rate. Methods Data regarding the first dose of pertussis-containing vaccines were obtained from the Shandong Immunization Program Information System for infants who were 3-11 months old at the time of data collection(born between September 2023 and April 2024).The timely vaccination rate was calculated.Using a stratified multistage random sampling method, 7 counties(cities/districts) were selected across the province, and one vaccination clinic was randomly selected from each county(city/district).A questionnaire survey was conducted among the guardians of infants who had not received the first dose on time to collect and analyze the reasons for the delay. Results During the study period, 391 635 infants were born in Shandong.Among them, 334 621 infants received the first dose of pertussis-containing vaccine in a timely manner(vaccinated at ≥2 months but <4 months of age),resulting in a timely vaccination rate of 85.44%.Both the first-dose coverage rate and the timely vaccination rate were highest in the eastern region and lowest in the western region of Shandong, with statistically significant differences(χ~2=274.41,P<0.05).A total of 700 guardians of infants who had not been vaccinated on time were surveyed.The results showed that the main reasons for delayed vaccination were infant illness(73.29%) and guardians′ time conflict(16.57%).The reported illnesses were primarily upper respiratory tract infections(48.54%),pneumonia(8.58%),mild digestive system diseases(6.82%),and eczema(6.63%). Conclusion The timeliness rate of the first dose of pertussis-containing vaccines among infants in Shandong Province still needs improvement, with significant differences observed between regions.The main reasons for delayed first-dose vaccination are infant illness and guardians′ time conflict.更多还原