【摘要】 目的:探讨上海市某区不同职业人群健康状况差异及影响因素，为职业健康管理提供循证依据。方法:采用简单随机抽样法，于2023年7月对上海市某区10个街道9343名职业人群。基于人口学特征、慢性病及两周患病数据，通过多分类logistic回归估计广义倾向得分，运用广义倾向得分匹配法校正脑力、体力和两者兼有3类职业的混杂偏倚，采用加权logistic回归分析健康状况影响因素，并进行稳健性检验。结果:上海市某区职业类型显著影响健康状况：脑力劳动者慢性病患病风险突出，且在高血压、冠心病、糖尿病三病共患风险较高(OR=0.5,P<0.05);体力劳动者循环系统疾病、代谢性疾病等短期健康风险突出；脑力劳动和体力劳动两者兼有者慢性病及两周患病风险均更低(P<0.05)。较大年龄(45-64岁组慢性病风险OR=3.625,95%CI=2.507-5.241)、低文化水平(大专及以上组两周患病风险OR=0.434,95%CI=0.288-0.654)、低收入(月收入≥10000元组慢性病风险OR=0.809,95%CI=0.685-0.956)为核心危险因素。女性慢性病患病风险显著低于男性(OR=0.591,95%CI=0.525-0.666)。结论:上海市某区不同职业人群健康状况存在差异，脑力劳动者需重点防控慢性病共患，体力劳动者需关注短期健康问题。建议结合区域特征，针对高龄、低文化水平、低收入人群制定职业健康干预方案，强化中老年阶段健康监测与分级管理，并通过优化健康教育资源配置提升职业人群健康素养。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate health disparities and influencing factors among different occupational groups in a district in Shanghai, informing occupational health management. Methods: A simple random sample of 9343 occupational population from 10 streets in the district(2023 survey) provided data on demographics, chronic diseases, and two-week morbidity. Generalized Propensity Score Matching corrected confounding in mental, physical, and combined labor groups using multinomial logit scores. Weighted logistic regression analyzed health risk factors, with robustness checks. Results: The type of occupation in the district of Shanghai significantly affected the health status: the risk of chronic diseases in mental workers was prominent, and the risk of hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes was higher(OR=0.5, P<0.05). Short-term health risks such as circulatory system diseases and metabolic diseases are prominent in manual workers; the risk of chronic diseases and two weeks of illness was lower in both mental and physical labor(P<0.05). Advanced age(OR=3.625, 95% CI=2.507-5.241), low education level(OR=0.434, 95% CI=0.288-0.654), low income(OR=0.809, 95% CI=0.685-0.956) were the core risk factors. The risk of chronic diseases in women was significantly lower than that in men(OR=0.591, 95% CI=0.525-0.666). Conclusion: There are differences in the health status of different occupational groups in the district of Shanghai, and mental laborers require prevention of chronic comorbidities, while physical laborers need attention to short-term health. Tailored interventions for older, less educated, and lower-income groups, alongside strengthened health monitoring and literacy programs, are recommended.更多还原