【摘要】 目的 评估家庭环境改造对预防老年人跌倒的有效性。方法 计算机检索中国知网、维普、万方、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase、EBSCO中有关家庭环境改造预防和减少老年人跌倒的随机对照试验，检索时限为2000年1月—2024年8月。采用RevMan5.4软件进行数据分析。结果 共纳入15篇随机对照研究，共6 154例老年人，其中试验组（接受家庭环境改造）2 546例、对照组（未接受任何环境干预）3 608例。Meta分析结果显示，试验组老年人跌倒率（RR=0.78,95%CI:0.68～0.90,P=0.000 8）、反复性跌倒发生率（RR=0.76,95%CI:0.58～1.00,P=0.05）、跌倒致伤发生率（RR=0.67,95%CI:0.54～0.83,P=0.000 3）较对照组低。结论 家庭环境改造可降低老年人的跌倒率、反复性跌倒和跌倒致伤的发生率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of home environmentalmodification in preventing falls among the elderly. Methods Computerized searches were performed across the following databases: CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and EBSCO. The search focused on randomized controlled trials(RCTs) published from January 2000 to August 2024 that investigated home environmental modification for fall prevention and reduction in the elderly. Data analysis were conducted using RevMan 5. 4 software. Results A total of 15 RCTs involving 6 154 older adults were included, with 2 546 in the intervention group(accepting home environmental modification) and 3 608 in the control group(without environment intervention). Meta-analysis showed that home environmental modification reduced the fall rate(RR=0. 78, 95% CI: 0. 68-0. 90, P=0. 000 8), the incidence of recurrent falls(RR=0. 76, 95% CI: 0. 58-1. 00, P=0. 05), and the incidence of fall-related injuries(RR=0. 67, 95% CI: 0. 54-0. 83, P=0. 000 3) compared to the control group. Conclusion Home environmental modification can prevent and reduce the fall rate, as well as the incidence of recurrent falls and fall-related injuries among the elderly.更多还原