【摘要】 目的 分析南通市国家免疫规划疫苗损耗情况，为合理采购配置疫苗提供科学依据。方法 利用江苏省预防接种综合服务管理信息系统，对2020—2023年南通市139家预防接种门诊的国家免疫规划疫苗使用量、实种量和损耗系数进行描述性分析，不同年份损耗系数趋势比较采用趋势χ²检验，组间比较采用χ²检验。结果 2020—2023年南通市各年份国家免疫规划疫苗年均损耗系数分别为1.24、1.21、1.23、1.26,总体呈上升趋势(χ_趋势²=971.41,P<0.001);二价口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗（bivalent oral polio attenuated live vaccine, bOPV）损耗系数高于国家规范参考值上限，其余疫苗损耗系数均低于国家规范参考值上限；单支单剂次疫苗损耗系数介于1.00～1.01,单支多剂次疫苗损耗系数介于1.53～2.98。全市不同县区疫苗损耗系数介于1.18～1.30。不同接种量预防接种门诊疫苗损耗系数介于1.18～1.48（χ²=48 068.30,P<0.001）。结论 2020—2023年南通市国家免疫规划疫苗总体损耗系数处于可控范围，建议进一步加强疫苗接种单位的精细化管理，优化服务流程，以降低疫苗损耗系数。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the situation of loss of vaccines for the national immunization program in Nantong City, and to provide a scientific basis for the rational procurement and allocation of vaccines.Methods A descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze the usage, actual vaccination and loss coefficient of the national immunization program vaccines in 139 preventive vaccination clinics in Nantong City from 2020 to 2023 using the Jiangsu provincial preventive vaccination comprehensive service management information system.Trend of loss coefficients in different years were compared using the trend Chi-square test, and between-group comparisons were made using the Chi-square test.Results From 2020 to 2023,the annual average loss coefficient of the national immunization program vaccines in Nantong City in various years were 1.24,1.21,1.23 and 1.26,respectively, with an overall upward trend(χ_trend²=971.41,P<0.001).The loss coefficient of bivalent oral polio attenuated live vaccine（bOPV） was higher than the upper limit of the national standard reference value, while the loss coefficients of other vaccines were lower than the upper limit of the national standard reference value.The loss coefficients ranged from 1.00 to 1.01 for a single dose of vaccine, and the loss coefficients ranged from 1.53 to 2.98 for a single multiple dose of vaccine.The loss coefficients of vaccines in different counties and districts of the city ranged from 1.18 to 1.30.The loss coefficients of vaccines in different quantity of vaccination clinics ranged from 1.18 to 1.48（χ²=48 068.30,P<0.001）.Conclusion The overall loss coefficient of vaccines for the national immunization program is in the controllable range in Nantong City from 2020 to 2023,and the fine management of vaccination inoculation units should be further strengthened and the service process should be optimized in order to reduce the loss coefficient of vaccines.更多还原