【摘要】 目的 了解湛江市海鲜市场牡蛎中重金属含量，为居民安全食用牡蛎提供科学依据。方法 2022年采集湛江市海鲜市场牡蛎样本100份，采用SPSS 22软件进行主成分分析，基于所分析牡蛎重金属数据，引用美国国家环境保护局提供的模型进行人体健康风险评估。结果 牡蛎中铬（Cr）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）和铅（Pb）的浓度水平虽差异较大，但均未超标。3个主成分（主成分1为Cu、Zn、Cd、Hg,主成分2为Cr、Ni、Pb,主成分3为As）贡献率分别为41.2%、27.6%和13.0%,表明可能存在3种潜在的重金属污染源。超过牡蛎正常食用量的10倍时，Cd、Pb、As对人体可能产生致癌风险[终生致癌风险（incremental lifetime cancer risk, ILCR）>10^-6],非致癌风险仍在安全范围内。牡蛎体内的Cr、Ni、Pb含量差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.612、0.539、0.604,P>0.05）。结论 湛江市海鲜市场的牡蛎，Cu、Zn含量显著高于Cr、Ni、As、Cd、Hg和Pb。总体看，居民可放心食用调查区内的牡蛎，却仍需要对金属污染物含量进行定期的风险监测。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the content of heavy metals in oysters in seafood markets of Zhanjiang City, and to provide a scientific basis for residents to consume oysters safely.Methods A total of 100 oyster samples were collected from seafood markets of Zhanjiang City in 2022 and the principal component analysis was performed using SPSS 22 software.Based on the analyzed oysters heavy metal data, a model provided by the United States Environmental Protection Agency（USEPA） was cited for human health risk assessment.Results Although the concentration levels of Chromium（Cr）,nickel（Ni）,copper（Cu）,zinc（Zn）,arsenic（As）,cadmium（Cd）,mercury（Hg）,and lead（Pb） varied greatly in oysters, but none were exceeded. The contribution rates of the three principal components（Cu, Zn, Cd, and Hg for principal component 1,Cr, Ni, and Pb for principal component 2,and As for principal component 3） were 41.2%,27.6%,and 13.0%,respectively, indicating that there may be three potential sources of heavy metal pollution.Under consumption exceeding 10 times more oysters than normal, Cd, Pb, and As may cause a carcinogenic risk to humans [incremental lifetime cancer risk（ILCR）>10^-6],the non-carcinogenic risk is still within the safe range.There was no statistically significant difference in Cr, Ni, and Pb content in oysters（χ²=0.612,0.539,0.604,P>0.05）.Conclusion The contents of Cu and Zn contents in oysters from Zhanjiang seafood market are statistically significant higher than Cr, Ni, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb.Overall, residents can safely consume oysters in the survey area, yet regular risk monitoring of metal contaminant levels is still needed.更多还原