【摘要】 目的 评估白葡奈氏菌片联合氨溴索对小儿支气管肺炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2023年6月至2024年10月收治于驻马店市中心医院的82例细菌性支气管肺炎患儿，根据随机数字表法分为两组，对照组（41例）仅采用氨溴索治疗，观察组（41例）采用白葡奈氏菌片联合氨溴索治疗，疗程7 d。分析两组患儿的临床疗效、临床症状消失时间、血清炎症因子变化及不良反应发生率。结果 观察组患儿的总有效率为90.24%（37/41），高于对照组（73.17%,30/41），差异有统计学意义（χ²=3.998,P=0.046）。治疗后观察组患儿的发热、咳嗽、气促、肺啰音的消失时间[分别为（2.46±0.64）d、（5.41±1.16）d、（2.52±0.71）d、（5.17±1.54）d]均短于对照组[分别为（2.92±0.65）d、（6.19±1.38）d、（3.73±1.39）d、（6.56±1.68）d]，差异有统计学意义（t=2.229、2.770、5.591、3.905，均P<0.05）。治疗后观察组和对照组患儿的超敏C反应蛋白、肿瘤坏死因子α、降钙素原水平[分别为（15.69±2.13）mg·L^-1、（23.92±2.48）ng·L^-1、（0.54±0.16）ng·mL^-1,（22.17±2.31）mg·L^-1、（27.17±2.31）ng·L^-1、（1.21±0.31）ng·mL^-1]均低于治疗前[（49.04±3.24）mg·L^-1、（33.31±3.51）ng·L^-1、（2.31±0.22）ng·mL^-1,（48.76±3.57）mg·L^-1、（32.26±3.67）ng·L^-1、（2.27±0.34）ng·mL^-1]，且观察组低于对照组（t=13.205、6.140、12.298，均P<0.05）。对照组和观察组患儿的不良反应发生率[7.31%（3/41） vs 4.88%（2/41）]比较，差异无统计学意义（χ²<0.001,P=1.000）。结论 白葡奈氏菌片联合氨溴索治疗小儿支气管肺炎的疗效显著，不仅能有效缓解患儿临床症状，还可显著减轻机体的炎症反应，并且安全性良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the clinical value of Staphylococcus and Neisseria tablets combined with ambroxol in the treatment of pediatric bronchopneumonia.Methods A cohort of 82 pediatric patients with bacterial bronchopneumonia who were admitted to Zhumadian Central Hospital between June 2023 and October 2024 were selected and randomized divided into two groups according to the random number table method.The pediatric patients in the control group （n=41） received ambroxol monotherapy,while those in the observation group （n=41） received Staphylococcus and Neisseria tablets combined with ambroxol,with a 7-day therapeutic course.The clinical efficacy,disappearance time of clinical symptoms,changes of serum inflammatory factors,and incidence of adverse reactions of the two groups were analyzed.Results The total effective rate of pediatric patients in the observation group （90.24%（37/41））was higher than that in the control group （73.17%（30/41））,and the difference was statistically significant （χ²=3.998,P=0.046）.After treatment,the disappearance times of fever,cough,shortness of breath,and lung rales in the pediatric patients of the observation group（（2.46±0.64） days,（5.41±1.16） days,（2.52±0.71） days,and （5.17±1.54） days,respectively） were all shorter than those in the control group （（2.92±0.65） days,（6.19±1.38） days,（3.73±1.39） days,and （6.56±1.68） days,respectively）,and the differences were statistically significant （t=2.229,2.770,5.591,3.905,all P<0.05）.After treatment,the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor-α,and procalcitonin in the observation group (（15.69±2.13） mg·L^-1,（23.92±.48） ng·L^-1,（0.54±0.16） ng·mL^-1,respectively) and the control group (（22.17±2.31） mg·L^-1,（27.17±2.31） ng·L^-1,（1.21±0.31） ng·mL^-1,respectively) were all lower than those before treatment(（49.04±3.24） mg·L^-1,（33.31±3.51） ng·L^-1,（2.31±0.22） ng·mL^-1,（48.76±3.57） mg·L^-1,（32.26±3.67） ng·L^-1,（2.27±0.34） ng·mL^-1),and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （t=13.205,6.140,12.298,all P<0.05）.There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the control group and the observation group （7.31%（3/41）vs 4.88%（2/41））（χ²<0.001,P=1.000）.Conclusion The combination of Staphylococcus and Neisseria tablets combined with ambroxol has significant efficacy in the treatment of bronchopneumonia in pediatric patients.It can not only effectively improve the clinical symptoms of pediatric patients,but also significantly alleviate the body’s inflammatory response,and have good safety更多还原