【摘要】 俄罗斯在精神卫生和成瘾治疗领域拥有复杂而丰富的历史。从前苏联时期的集中化医疗体系到现代俄罗斯联邦的改革，精神卫生服务经历了多次演变，其在精神疾病和成瘾治疗体系方面的发展历程和框架是一个复杂而多维的议题，涉及历史、文化、政策、社会经济和战争等多个方面。本篇文稿将借我国与俄罗斯联邦卫生部国家精神卫生和成瘾医学研究中心签署中俄精神卫生双边合作备忘录之际，介绍俄罗斯精神卫生和成瘾防治体系的整体发展历程和现行框架，共同探索精神卫生领域的新理念和新方法，推动全球精神卫生事业的发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 The evolution of Russian mental healthcare has traversed through an intricate tapestry woven by its historical context—from a centralized approach during Soviet era to progressive reforms within today’s federation structure—reflecting multifaceted influences from cultural shifts to socioeconomic changes amidst political upheavals. Capitalizing on the recent signing of a bilateral memorandum on mental health cooperation between Peking University Sixth Hospital and V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, this manuscript outlines the historical development and existing frameworks of Russia’s systems for preventing mental illness and addiction. Furthermore, it seeks to promote collaborative exploration of innovative concepts and methodologies in this field, thereby fostering advancements across global mental health initiatives.更多还原