【摘要】 对4个玉米新品种中天308(ZT308)、TT66、鲁单510(LD510)、天泰766(TT766)在山东省进行多点播期产量试验。结果表明，各品种分别在5月5日或5月20日播期小花分化数、花丝数、小花结实率最高，平均可达908.4个、846.8根、82.3%，是穗粒数提高的重要原因。花期前后的高温天气和阴雨寡照影响开花授粉，导致6月20日播期的穗粒数减少。5月20日播期的灌浆期高温显著降低了千粒重；6月20日播期的千粒重因较高的昼夜温差而显著提高。由于黄淮海地区不同播期复杂气候条件的影响，各品种的产量构成要素也随之发生改变，进而表现为产量的差异。ZT308、TT766、TT66、LD510在4个试验点平均最高产量对应的播期分别为6月20日、5月5日、4月20日、5月5日。更多还原

【Abstract】 Multi-site yield trials with different sowing dates were conducted for four new maize varieties(ZT308, TT66, LD510, TT766) in Shandong Province. The results indicated that the highest number of floret differentiation, silk number, and floret setting rates for each variety were achieved on May 5 or May 20, averaging 908.4florets, 846.8 silks, and 82.3%, respectively. These factors were crucial for increasing the number of grains per ear.However, high temperatures and rainy weather before and after the flowering period affected pollination, resulting in a decrease in the number of grains per ear for the June 20 sowing date. The high temperature during the filling period on May 20 significantly reduced the 1 000-grain weight; the 1 000-grain weight during the sowing period on June 20 significantly increased due to the higher day-night temperature difference. The complex climatic conditions associated with different sowing dates in the Huang-Huai-Hai area led to changes in the yield components of each variety, directly influenced final yields. The optimal sowing dates for ZT308, TT766, TT66 and LD510 across the four test points were June 20, May 5, April 20 and May 5, respectively.更多还原