【摘要】 目的 探讨多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）摄入与闭塞性细支气管炎（BO）患儿预后的关系。方法 采用前瞻性队列研究设计，选取2021年1月至2023年12月确诊为BO的68例患儿作为研究对象，将其随机分为对照组和试验组，各34例。对照组接受标准化药物治疗，试验组在对照组基础上每日额外摄取ω-3 PUFAs补充剂。比较两组的应用效果。结果 试验组的二十二碳五烯酸（DPA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）摄入量高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组的第1秒用力呼吸容积占预计值百分比（FEV₁%）、第1秒用力呼吸容积/用力肺活量（FEV₁/FVC）均升高，且试验组高于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组的疾病复发次数及住院次数少于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组的儿童生存质量测定量表体系（PedsQL）评分高于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗后，两组的C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）水平均降低，且试验组低于对照组（P<0.05）。试验组中未观察到与PUFAs补充相关的严重不良事件。结论 适量摄入PUFAs对BO患儿的预后有积极影响，可改善患儿肺功能，减少疾病复发次数及住院次数，减轻炎症反应，提升生活质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the relationship between polyunsaturated fatty acids（PUFAs） intake and prognosis of children with bronchiolitis obliterans（BO）. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to select 68 children diagnosed with BO from January 2021 to December 2023 as the study objects. The children were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 34 cases in each group. The control group received standardized drug treatment, and the experimental group received additional daily intake of ω-3 PUFAs supplements on the basis of the control group. The application effects of the two groups were compared. Results The intakes of docosapentaenoic acid（DPA） and eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA） in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment, the percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second to predicted value（FEV₁%） and forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity（FEV₁/FVC） in the two groups increased, and those in the experimental group were higher than the control group（P<0.05）. The disease recurrence and hospitalization times in the experimental group were less than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement Models（PedsQL） score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group（P<0.05）. After treatment, the levels of C-reactive protein（CRP） and interleukin-6（IL-6） in the two groups decreased, and those in the experimental group were lower than the control group（P<0.05）. No serious adverse events related to PUFAs supplementation were observed in the experimental group. Conclusion Moderate intake of PUFAs has a positive effect on the prognosis of children with BO, which can improve lung function, reduce disease recurrence and hospitalization times, alleviate inflammatory response and elevate quality of life.更多还原