【摘要】 为了解决铺贴工程中专用夹具无法适应建筑曲率不一致的问题，设计了一种剪叉式与铰链机构结合的新型铺贴夹具，能够自适应贴合不同曲率的建筑表面。分析了铺贴夹具自适应曲面贴合原理，并创建铺贴夹具的三维模型；利用ANSYS软件对模型进行静力学分析，获取夹具在工作状态下的变形和应力分布图，结果表明：剪式板的变形和应力相对较小。在保证夹具的刚度与强度条件下，以铺贴夹具轻量化为优化目标，对剪式板进行优化设计，并对优化前后夹具的性能进行比较，剪式板优化后，夹具整体刚度、强度几乎不变，剪式板质量相比优化前质量减少了26.9%,优化效果较好。根据上述研究制作实物样机并进行测试，没有出现任何结构性失败，所设计的夹具结构合理，且压力分布较均匀，夹具自适应铺贴效果较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the problem that the special fixture in paving engineering can not adapt to the inconsistency of building curvature, a new paving fixture combining scissors and hinge mechanism is designed, which can adapt to the building surface with different curvatures. The principle of adaptive surface fitting of the paving fixture is analyzed, and the three-dimensional model of the paving fixture is created. The static analysis of the model is carried out by ANSYS software, and the deformation and stress distribution map of the fixture under working condition is obtained. The results show that the deformation and stress of the shear plate are relatively small. Under the condition of ensuring the stiffness and strength of the fixture, the shear plate is optimized with the lightweight of the placement fixture as the optimization goal, and the performance of the fixture before and after optimization is compared. After the optimization of the shear plate, the overall stiffness and strength of the fixture are almost unchanged, and the quality of the shear plate is reduced by 26.9 % compared with that before optimization, and the optimization effect is better. According to the above research, a physical prototype was made and tested. There was no structural failure. The designed fixture structure was reasonable, the pressure distribution was uniform, and the adaptive paving effect of the fixture was better.更多还原