【摘要】 目的 建立颈椎后凸在轴向牵引载荷和横向侧推载荷作用下的生物力学模型，为颈椎曲度异常的治疗提供理论依据，从而为患者制定最合适的治疗方案。方法 以患者CT扫描数据为基础，提取颈椎中轴线数据，拟合出颈椎弯曲曲线，根据Timoshenko梁原理，使用颈椎康复训练系统，建立颈椎后凸生物力学模型，对其进行分析研究，获得载荷作用下颈椎恢复曲线以及治愈颈椎后凸所需要的总载荷，并验证其合理性。结果 建立了颈椎后凸生物力学模型，在轴向牵引载荷与横向侧推载荷作用下，颈椎向正常生理性弯曲方向有效发展，轴向载荷与横向载荷的总作用力分别为353、5 649 N,且总轴向载荷随着牵引角度的增大而增大，总横向载荷的治疗力矩随着Bordon值的增大而减小，轴向载荷的治疗力矩在正常Bordon值范围内，小于横向载荷的治疗力矩，验证了载荷的合理性。结论 所建立颈椎后凸生物力学模型能够正确模拟颈椎的生物力学特性，其分析结果具有有效性，可为患者的治疗方案设计提供力学理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective A biomechanical model of cervical kyphosis under the effects of axial traction load and lateral push load was establised, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of cervical curvature abnormalities, and formulate the most appropriate treatment plan for patients. Methods Based on the CT scan data of patients, the axial data of the cervical spine was extracted to fit the cervical curvature curve. Using the Timoshenko beam theory and the cervical rehabilitation training system, a mathematical model of cervical kyphosis was established for analytical calculations to obtain the recovery curve of the cervical spine under load and the total load required to cure cervical kyphosis, and its rationality was also verified. Results The biomechanical model of cervical kyphosis was established. Under the effects of axial traction load and lateral push load, the cervical spine effectively developed in the direction of physiological bending. The total axial load and lateral load were 353 N and 5 649 N, respectively, and the total axial load increased with the increase in traction angle. The therapeutic moment of the total lateral load decreased as the Bordon value increased. The therapeutic moment of the axial load was smaller than that of the lateral load in the range of normal Bordon value, confirming the rationality of the loads. Conclusions The established biomechanical model of cervical kyphosis can accurately simulate the biomechanical characteristics of the cervical spine, and the analysis results were valid, providing a mechanical theoretical basis for the design of treatment plans for patients.更多还原