【摘要】 目的 掌握四川省中学生抑郁与焦虑症状及共患现状并分析其影响因素，为制定综合干预策略提供理论依据。方法 2024年，采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，在四川省21个市（州）的183个区（县）抽取170 076名中学生进行健康危险行为、抑郁量表的问卷调查，分析抑郁焦虑症状共患情况并用logistic回归模型分析共患的影响因素，采用R 4.4.2进行统计分析，检验水准α=0.05。结果 2024年，四川省中学生抑郁症状检出率为25.63%，焦虑症状检出率为7.37%，共患检出率为6.64%，非核心家庭抑郁焦虑症状共患检出率高于核心家庭（χ~2=42.276,P<0.001），成都平原经济区共患检出率高于四川其他地区（χ~2=144.118,P<0.001）。Logistic回归分析显示，遭遇校园欺凌（OR=6.055,95%CI:5.587～6.563）、吸烟或饮酒行为（OR=2.523,95%CI:2.418～2.632）、网络成瘾（OR=4.147,95%CI:3.845～4.473）组抑郁焦虑症状共患的风险更高。分层分析结果显示，相较于男生组，女生组有吸烟或饮酒行为与抑郁焦虑症状共患关联性更强（OR=2.724,95%CI:2.581～2.874）；相较于高中组，初中组遭遇校园欺凌（OR=6.447,95%CI:5.830～7.141）、有吸烟或饮酒行为（OR=2.953,95%CI:2.784～3.144）与抑郁焦虑症状共患的关联性更强。结论 四川省中学生抑郁焦虑症状及其共患检出率较高，存在家庭结构、地区等差异，遭遇校园欺凌、吸烟或饮酒、网络成瘾为重要的影响因素，应予以关注。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the depression and anxiety symptoms and comorbidity status of middle school students in Sichuan Province, analyze its influencing factors, and to provide a theoretical basis for formulating comprehensive intervention strategies. Methods In 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 170076 middle school students from 183 districts(counties) of 21 cities(prefectures) in Sichuan Province for questionnaire survey on health risk behaviors,depressive and anxiety symptoms. The influencing factors of comorbidity were analyzed by logistic regression model. Statistical analysis was performed by using R 4.4.2,and the significance level was set at α = 0.05. Results In 2024,the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 25.63% among middle school students in Sichuan Province, the detection rate of anxiety symptoms was 7.37%, and the detection rate of comorbidity was 6.64%. The detection rate of comorbidity of depression and anxiety symptoms in non-core families was higher than that in core families（χ~2= 42.276,P < 0.001）. The detection rate of comorbidity in Chengdu Plain Economic Zone was higher than that in other economic zones in Sichuan Province（χ~2= 144.118,P < 0.001）.Logistic regression analysis showed that campus bullying(OR=6.055,95%CI:5.587-6.563),smoking or drinking behavior(OR=2.523,95% CI:2.418-2.632) and Internet addiction(OR=4.147,95% CI:3.845-4.473) were related to increased risk for comorbidity of depression and anxiety symptoms.Stratified analysis showed that compared with the males, the females had a higher risk in the association between smoking or drinking behavior and the comorbidity of depression and anxiety symptoms(OR=2.724,95%CI:2.581-2.874). Compared with the senior high school group, the junior high school group had a stronger association between experiencing school bullying(OR=6.447,95%CI:5.830-7.141), having smoking or drinking behaviors(OR=2.953,95% CI:2.784-3.144) and cooccurrence of depressive and anxiety symptoms. Conclusions The detection rate of depression and anxiety symptoms and their comorbidities is high among middle school students in Sichuan Province, and showed differences in the distribution of family structure and region. Campus bullying, smoking or drinking, and the Internet addiction are important influencing factors, which should be paid attention to.更多还原