【摘要】 针对轨道车辆转向架及其附属结构的疲劳损伤问题，开展基于传递函数的关键结构疲劳损伤特性研究。传递函数是描述系统输入与输出频域关系的工具，可直接反映结构动力特性变化。提出了一种基于传递函数的结构损伤评估方法，并以轨道车辆撒砂装置为例，给出了疲劳损伤评估流程；构建了轴箱加速度到撒砂装置的频域传递函数矩阵，直接映射应力状态与系统动力特性，建立了结构应力预测模型；结合时频域方法评估结构疲劳损伤，并通过对比分析验证预测模型的准确性。结果表明，Dirlik法的损伤预测值与时域法的平均相对误差在20%以内，验证了传递函数法在疲劳损伤预测中的可行性与准确性。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the fatigue damage issues in railway vehicle bogies and their accessory structures, this study conducts research on the fatigue damage characteristics of key structures based on transfer functions. The transfer function, as a tool describing the frequency-domain relationship between system input and output, can directly reflect changes in structural dynamic characteristics. A structural damage assessment method based on transfer functions is proposed, and the fatigue damage evaluation process is demonstrated using the example of a railway vehicle sanding device. A frequencydomain transfer function matrix from the axle box acceleration to the sanding device is constructed, directly mapping the stress state to the dynamic characteristics of the system, thereby establishing a structural stress prediction model. The structural fatigue damage is evaluated using time-frequency domain methods, and the accuracy of the prediction model is verified through comparative analysis. The results indicate that the average relative error between the damage predictions of the Dirlik method and the time-domain method is smaller than 20%, validating the feasibility and accuracy of the transfer function method in fatigue damage prediction.更多还原