【摘要】 【目的】评价269份不同地理来源的胡麻种质资源的遗传多样性，为胡麻种质创新提供依据。【方法】对269份胡麻种质材料进行Hiseq测序开发SNP数据，并进行遗传多样性和群体机构分析。【结果】获得1.3684 Tb有效序列数据，与胡麻参考基因组平均比对率为96.32%，碱基GC含量平均值为38.57%。平均测序深度为12.55 X；通过过滤（deep>=4,miss <0.2,MAF> 0.01）检测到1069 106个SNPs，分布在15条染色体上，平均密度为每千碱基2.87个SNP。按花冠形状269份胡麻种质分为漏斗形群体（47）、五角星形群体（117）、碟形群体（93）、轮形群体（12）4个群体。5个地理来源的品种在4个群体中的分布分析结果表明，中国西北品种主要集中在漏斗形群体和碟形群体中，中国华北品种主要集中在碟形群体中，欧洲和亚洲品种主要集中在五角星群体中。群体结构分析表明，最佳分群K值为9,LD衰减数值为15 Kb。【结论】胡麻花冠形状与当地的育种目标和胡麻重要农艺性状有一定关联，有利于形态标记辅助选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】The paper aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of 269 flax germplasm resources from different geographical sources and to provide a basis for flax germplasm innovation.【Method】Hiseq sequencing was performed on 269 flax germplasm materials to develop SNP data,and genetic diversity and population structure analysis were carried out.【Result】A total of 1. 3684 Tb valid sequence data was obtained,with an average alignment rate of 96. 32% with the flax reference genome and an average GC content of 38. 57%. The average sequencing depth was 12. 55 X. Through filtering(deep > = 4,miss < 0. 2,MAF> 0. 01),1069 106 SNPs were detected,distributed on 15chromosomes,with an average density of 2. 87 SNPs per kilobase. According to the corolla shape,the 269 flax germplasms were divided into four groups:funnel-shaped group(47),pentagram-shaped group(117),dish-shaped group(93) and wheel-shaped group(12). The distribution analysis of varieties from 5 geographical sources in the 4 groups showed that varieties from Northwest China were mainly concentrated in the funnel-shaped group and dish-shaped group,varieties from Northern China were mainly concentrated in the dish-shaped group,and varieties from Europe and Asia were mainly concentrated in the pentagram-shaped group. Population structure analysis showed that the optimal clusteringKvalue was 9,and theLDdecay value was 15 Kb.【Conclusion】The corolla shape of flax is correlated with local breeding objectives and important agronomic traits of flax,which is conducive to morphological marker-assisted selection.更多还原