【摘要】 农业面源污染防治的瓶颈之一在于缺乏合理的风险评估方法，使其在实际工作中难以找到有效抓手。利用熵权法和专家打分法结合重庆市地方标准构建基于“源-流-汇”的规模化种植面源污染风险评估体系，以重庆市璧山区为例开展实证研究。结果表明：(1)基于综合风险评估结果，璧山区规模化种植地块中，25.82%呈现高风险，24.07%处于中风险状态，23.01%处于低风险，11.59%呈现极高风险。(2)基于各维度风险评估结果，“源”指标以无风险为主，“流”指标以中风险为主，“汇”指标以高风险/极高风险为主。基于“源-流-汇”有针对性地提出对策建议，以期为完善种植业面源污染风险管控体系提供理论与实践指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 One of the bottlenecks in the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution is the deficiency of a rational risk assessment method, which makes it challenging to identify effective approaches in practical work. This research employed the entropy weight method and expert scoring method in combination with the local standards of Chongqing City to construct a risk assessment system for non-point source pollution of large-scale planting based on the “source-flow-sink” concept, and conducted an empirical study by taking Bishan District as an example. The results indicated that:(1) Based on the results of comprehensive risk assessment, among the large-scale cultivation plots in Bishan District, 25.82% were at high risk, 24.07% were at medium risk, 23.01% were at low risk, and 11.59% were at extremely high risk.(2) Regarding the risk assessment of each dimension, the source indicators were mainly risk-free, the flow indicators were mainly at a medium risk, and the sink indicators were mainly at a high/extremely high risk. Based on the “source-flow-sink” approach, targeted countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to provide theoretical and practical guidance for improving the risk control system of non-point source pollution in the planting industry.更多还原