【摘要】 为解决微应变结构状态监测系统存在的应变传感器节点无法自动调零、现场布置繁琐等问题，设计了一种低功耗自调零微应变测量的结构状态监测系统。改进了基于惠斯通电桥的信号采集电路，引入自动调零算法有效解决了零点偏移问题；通过电路仿真验证了设计电路中电桥输出电压与应变片电阻的线性关系；对应变片进行的悬臂梁静、动态实验表明测量值拟合线性曲线非线性误差为1.12%,且系统能够达到的最大采集频率为200 Hz。该系统实现了对石油井架关键部位应变的实时监测，且在720 h连续工作后电池剩余电量为78%,显示出优异的低功耗特性和长续航能力，有望在结构状态实时监测领域广泛应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the limitations of existing micro-strain structural health monitoring systems, including the absence of automatic sensor zeroing capability and cumbersome field deployment, a low-power self-zeroing micro-strain measurement system for structural condition monitoring was designed. The signal acquisition circuit based on the Wheatstone bridge was improved by incorporating an auto-zeroing algorithm, effectively addressing zero-point drift issues. Circuit simulation verifies the linear relationship between the bridge output voltage and strain gauge resistance. Static and dynamic cantilever beam experiments demonstrate a nonlinearity error of 1.12% in the fitted calibration curve, and the maximum acquisition frequency of the system can achieve 200 Hz. The system achieves real-time strain monitoring for critical components on oil well frames, demonstrating exceptional low-power performance and long-endurance capability with 78% battery remaining after 720 hours of continuous operation, indicating strong potential for widespread application in structural health monitoring.更多还原