【摘要】 目前食品安全问题越来越受到重视，市面上常见的肉源检测方法存在自身的局限性，本研究探索基于线粒体基因ATP酶8亚基(ATP8)和NADH脱氢酶亚基1(ND1)基因检测不同肉源种属，旨在为肉类掺假鉴别新技术的开发提供技术支撑。以猪、牛、羊、鸡、鸭、兔、大鼠和小鼠共8种肉源的DNA作为检测靶标，根据ATP8和ND1基因中种间特异性强的序列来设计引物，采用PCR技术对目标DNA片段进行扩增，利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对PCR扩增产物进行检测。结果：成功构建了引物组合分别为小鼠+鸡+羊，猪+牛+兔，鸭+大鼠的复合检测体系，能准确鉴别以上8种肉源种属；随机在市场采集里脊肉、开花肠、飘香牛肉、肉肠和肥牛卷共5种样本进行测试，其中里脊肉、开花肠、肉肠与配料表成分一致，飘香牛肉、肥牛卷与配料表成分不一致，证实该方法可应用于市场肉制品检测；该方法有效识别浓度达1 ng/μL。综上，本研究建立了8种肉源的低成本、高效的复合PCR检测体系，可以为食品安全中的肉类掺假鉴别提供帮助。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, food safety issues are becoming more and more important, and the common meat source detection methods in the market have their own limitations. Therefore, the mitochondrial gene ATPase subunit 8(ATP8) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1(ND1) were used here to explore the authenticity of meat products, which provided technical support for the development of new technologies for meat adulteration identification. DNA from eight meat sources, including pig, cow, sheep, chicken, duck, rabbit, rat and mouse, was used as detection targets. Primers were designed according to the sequences with strong interspecific specificity in the ATP8 and ND1 genes. PCR was employed to amplify the target DNA fragments using the designed primers, and PCR amplification products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results showed that a composite detection system was formed, and different primer combinations were used to identify meat-derived species according to the difference in the length of the amplified fragments. Five kinds of actual samples were randomly collected for testing, which confirmed that the present method could be applied to the detection of meat products in the market. This low-cost and efficient composite PCR detection system for eight meat sources established in this study would help to provide food safety for meat adulteration.更多还原