【摘要】 为了改良皮南杂交牛的种质性能，选择2000—2020年20年间出生的H1(横交固定一代)至H4代14 030头牛进行选种育种培养，观察体重、体尺、外貌评分等36个个体表型性状指标，记录每头牛上三代亲缘关系；对获得数据经整理和检验后，进行选择指数(CBI)计算，对不同性别、不同分类(核心牛群和良种牛群)的群体进行正态分布概率遗传参数分析和判别分析筛选。结果：从H3代的核心母牛群和公牛群中筛选出28头各指标综合表现好的种子公牛和母牛，从H4代的核心母牛群和公牛群中筛选出56头各指标综合表现好的种子公牛和母牛；CBI指数大于116.40的有100头；核心公牛的表型值比核心母牛的表型值高，但是核心母牛的遗传力、选择系数R比核心公牛的大；同类型的牛群其一代比一代的遗传力大，核心牛群的遗传力均值在0.4～0.5;从H3和H4代核心牛群中选出的优秀种牛群，H4代选择系数R比H3代大。本研究结果对选种育种具有重要参考价值和指导意义，选择系数R值增大说明所选的优秀种牛群下一代比本代在多个观察表型性状指标上可能有较大改善；本研究提出的群体正态分布概率遗传参数分析法和判别分析法，在理论和实际效果方面都具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve the germplasm performance of Pinan hybrid cattle, a total of 14 030 cows, from the first generation(H1) to the fourth generation(H4), born between 2000 and 2020, were selected for breeding and cultivation. 36 individual phenotypic traits such as weight, body size, and appearance score of the cows were observed; and the genetic relationships of the three generations of each cow were recorded. After sorting and verifying the obtained data, a selection index(CBI) was calculated, and normal distribution probability genetic parameter analysis and discriminant analysis screening were performed on the populations of different genders and classifications(core cattle herds and superior cattle herds). The result were as follows: 28 seed bulls and cows with good comprehensive performance in all indicators were selected from the core cow and bull populations of the H3 generation, and 56 seed bulls and cows with good comprehensive performance in all indicators were selected from the core cow and bull populations of the H4 generation. There were 100 heads with a CBI index greater than 116. 40. The phenotype value ofthe core bulls was higher than that of the core cows, but the heritability and genetic progress coefficient Rof the core cows are greater than those of the core bulls. The heritability of the same type of the cattle population was higher than that of the previous generation, with the average heritability of the core cattle population ranging from 0. 4 to 0. 5. The selection response coefficientRof the excellent breeding cattle herds selected from the H3 and H4 core cattle herds was higher in the H4 generation than in the H3 generation.The results of this study was of important reference value and guiding significance for breed selection and breeding. An increase in theRvalue of the selection response indicated that the next generation of the selected excellent breed of cattle might have a significant improvement in multiple observed phenotypic trait indicators, compared with the current generation. The population normal distribution probability genetic parameter analysis and discriminant analysis methods proposed in this study were of important theoretical and practical significance, and were worthy of reference and discussion.更多还原