【摘要】 早期准确预报和及时有效处置是科学预控采空区煤自燃灾害的关键技术。为了提高煤自燃早期预测预报和应急处置技术的联动性，通过程序升温试验和数值模拟，以明确采空区煤自燃预测预报指标及阈值，分析不同注氮参数条件下采空区氧浓度的变化规律，建立基于分级预警原则的采空区煤自燃预报与预埋注氮联动技术体系。结果表明：以O₂、CO、C₂H₄/C₂H₆、ΔCO/ΔO₂及C₂H₄作为主要预测指标气体构建的5级（灰、蓝、黄、橙、红）预警体系能够准确地表征采空区煤自燃隐患态势；采空区最佳注氮位置为进风侧55 m处，随着流量增加，氧化带范围缩减明显；当采空区预警级别为灰、蓝、黄时，通过监测系统与注氮系统联动，控制压注流量在1 500～2 000 m³/h时，能够使在距工作面40～60 m采空区范围内O₂浓度由18%～20%下降至8%以下，注氮口附近降至5%以下，同时有效缩短氧化带范围，抑制自然发火发展。该研究构建了采空区煤自燃分级预警模型和注氮联动防治技术体系，并成功应用于采空区煤自燃防治，为矿井煤自燃灾害防治提供了安全、高效、科学的解决方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Early accurate prediction and timely effective disposal are the key technologies for scientific pre-control of coal spontaneous combustion disasters in goafs.To improve the linkage between early prediction and emergency disposal technology of coal spontaneous combustion, the prediction index and threshold of coal spontaneous combustion in goafs were studied by temperature programmed experiment and numerical simulation.The variation law of oxygen concentration in goafs under different nitrogen injection parameters was analyzed, and the linkage technology system of coal spontaneous combustion prediction and pre-buried nitrogen injection in goaf based on the principle of graded early warning was established.The results show that the five-level（grey, blue, yellow, orange and red）early warning system constructed with O₂,CO,C₂H₄/C₂H₆,ΔCO/ΔO₂ and C₂H₄ as the main predictive index gases can accurately characterize the hidden danger situation of coal spontaneous combustion in goafs.The best nitrogen injection position in the goaf is 55 m on the inlet side.With the increase of flow rate, the range of oxidation zone decreases obviously.When the early warning level of goaf is gray, blue and yellow, the linkage of monitoring system and nitrogen injection system is used, the O₂ concentration in the goaf range of 40～60 m away from the working face can be reduced from 18%～20% to less than 8%,and the nitrogen injection outlet is reduced to less than 5%,when the pressure injection flow is 1 500～2 000 m³/h.Meanwhile, it can effectively shorten the range of oxidation zone and inhibit the development of spontaneous combustion.In this study, a hierarchical early warning model of coal spontaneous combustion in goafs and a nitrogen injection linkage prevention and control technology system were constructed and successfully applied to the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion in goafs, which provided a safe, efficient and scientific solution for the prevention and control of coal spontaneous combustion disasters in mines.更多还原