【摘要】 防疫应急医疗建筑近年来得到人们的重视与关注。文章介绍了应急医疗建筑产生的背景，总结并对比分析了四类应急医疗建筑的特点：强调快速响应、大规模新建的应急救治中心；改造公共建筑并能恢复原有功能的方舱医院；“平疫结合”“平急两用”背景下的长期应急保障提升项目；小型化单体防疫设施。结合我国国情，提出应从健康城市体系出发，引入更大的区域决策与城市规划，建立不同阶段、等级的应急医疗建筑体系及配套管理措施，实现全生命周期视角下的成本可控、快速响应、循环利用，构建完善、高效、可持续的应急医疗建筑体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 After the past three years of the Covid-19 pandemic, the emergency medical buildings for epidemic prevention have attracted people’s attention and played an important role. This paper first introduces the background of the emergence of emergency medical buildings; then taking typical medical buildings responding to different situations of epidemics as examples, compares and summarizes four types of emergency medical buildings:(1) new-built large scale emergency medical centers with fast response,(2) Fangcang shelter hospitals which are reconstructed from public buildings and can be restored their original functions,(3) long-term enhancement projects that practice “integrating the ordinary days and at the epidemic” and “dual-use that can accommodate ordinary and emergency needs”, and(4) Miniaturized epidemic prevention facilities. The epidemic prevention is uncertain. In line with China’s conditions, we should start from the healthy city system, introduce larger regional decisions and urban planning, establish emergency medical building systems and supporting management measures at different phases and levels, and build a well-established, efficient, and sustainable emergency medical building system to achieve the controllable cost, rapid response and recycle use with the perspective of life cycle.更多还原