【摘要】 为探究不同地膜残留量对棉田土壤细菌多样性及组成变化的影响，本研究在土壤0～30 cm土层设置0、250、500、1 000、1 500、2 000、3 000、4 000 kg/hm~2 8个残膜量处理，用高通量测序技术对土壤细菌多样性与组成进行分析。结果表明，2 000 kg/hm~2处理，土壤细菌OTU数、Chao1指数均显著高于500 kg/hm~2处理(P<0.05),但其他处理间无显著差异(P>0.05);3 000 kg/hm~2处理Shannon指数显著高于500、1 000、2 000、3 000 kg/hm~2,而其他处理间无显著差异(P>0.05)。不同残膜量处理下，土壤细菌优势菌门为酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota)和放线菌门(Actinobacteriota),其相对丰度累计占比超50%。相关性分析显示，土壤细菌Shannon指数与pH值显著相关(P<0.05),Chao1指数、OTU数与有效氮含量显著相关(P<0.05);在门分类水平上细菌群落组成中，酸杆菌门与浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)受环境因子的影响较大。各残膜处理下土壤有效钾、全氮、全钾、土壤有机质、容重、田间持水量、饱和含水量的含量均未发生显著变化，但≥3 000 kg/hm~2地膜残留量可通过间接途径影响土壤理化微环境，进而降低土壤微生物量及其丰度。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effects of different plastic film residues on the diversity and composition of soil bacteria in cotton field, eight residual film densities of 0,250,500,1 000,1 500,2 000,3 000,and 4 000 kg/hm~2 were set in 0-30 cm soil layer, and the diversity and composition of soil bacteria were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that the OTUs and Chao1 index of soil bacteria in 2 000 kg/hm~2 treatment were significantly higher than those in 500 kg/hm~2 treatment(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among other treatments(P>0.05). Shannon index of 3 000 kg/hm~2 was significantly higher than those of 500 kg/hm~2,1 000 kg/hm~2,2 000 kg/hm~2 and 3 000 kg/hm~2,but there was no significant difference among other treatments. Under different residual film treatments, the dominant bacteria in the soil were Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota, and Actinobacteriota, and their relative abundance accounts for over 50%. Correlation analysis indicated that the soil bacterial Shan-non index was significantly influenced by p H. At the phylum level,Acidobacteriota and Planctomycetota were strongly affected by environmental factors. Furthermore,the contents of soil available potassium,to-tal nitrogen,total potassium,soil organic matter,bulk density,field capacity and saturated water content had not changed significantly under each plastic film residue treatment,but the plastic film residue with a density of ≥ 3 000 kg/hm2 might affect the soil physical and chemical microenvironment through indirect ways,thus reducing the soil microbial biomass and its abundance.更多还原