【摘要】 【目的】为了解农田中地膜残留存在的潜在风险，研究地膜残留量对棉花不同生育期根际和非根际土壤微生物数量及丰度的影响。【方法】基于盆栽试验设置了5个地膜残留量梯度：0（T₀）、160（T₁）、270（T₂）、490（T₃）、710 kg/hm²（T₄），分析地膜残留量对棉花根际和非根际土壤中细菌、真菌和放线菌数量及丰度动态变化的影响。【结果】随着地膜残留量的增加，土壤中的细菌、真菌和放线菌数量均呈下降趋势，地膜残留量每增加1 kg/hm²，土壤中细菌数量减少0.53×10⁴～1.52×10⁴cfu/g，真菌数量会减少0.45×10²～1.54×10²cfu/g，放线菌数量减少0.76×10⁴～1.03×10⁴cfu/g。随着棉花生育期的推进，土壤中微生物数量和丰度也逐渐下降，其中，放线菌丰度在蕾期降幅最大，下降了17.15%；微生物总量在花期降幅最大，下降了68.99%。【结论】地膜残留量的增加会显著降低土壤中微生物数量和丰度。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】To study the effects of different plastic film residues on the number and abundance of microorganisms in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils at different growth stages of cotton in order to understand the potential risks associated with the amount of plastic film.【Methods】Based on the pot experiment, five residual film gradients were set up : 0 kg/hm²（T₀）, 160 kg/hm²（T₁）, 270 kg/hm²（T₂）, 490 kg/hm²（T₃）and 710 kg/hm²（T₄）. The dynamic changes of the number and abundance of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in cotton rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil were studied.【Results】The number of bacteria in the soil decreased by 0.53×10⁴-1.52×10⁴ cfu/g, the number of fungi decreased by 0.45×10²-1.54×10² cfu/g, and the number of actinomycetes decreased by 0.76×10⁴-1.03×10⁴ cfu/g for every 1 kg/hm² increase in residual film. With the increase of plastic film residue, the number of microorganisms decreased significantly in each growth period. The period with the greatest change in the total amount of microorganisms was the flowering period, which decreased by 68.99%. The period with the greatest change in the abundance of fungi was the boll opening period, which decreased by 0.22%. The period with the greatest change in the abundance of actinomycetes was the bud period, which decreased by 17.15%.【Conclusion】The increase of plastic film residue will significantly reduce the number and abundance of microorganisms in soil.更多还原