【摘要】 锂云母是我国锂资源的重要来源。高效、环保地从锂云母中提取锂，并协同提取其中的战略资源铷、铯，将会获得可观的经济价值。介绍了我国锂云母的基本性质、结构和赋存情况等，总结了从锂云母中提取锂的活化方法，包括酸法、碱法和盐法，并总结对比了各方法的优缺点，如有些方法虽然能耗和成本较低，但会造成严重的环境污染等；综述了沉锂母液中铷、铯的分离方法，包括分步结晶法、沉淀法、溶剂萃取法和离子交换法，也进行了优缺点比较，如有些方法效率高但不适合大规模生产等。单一的工艺方法通常存在局限性，需要综合考虑整个工艺流程，根据不同的生产要求选择最适宜的综合工艺方法，才有助于未来锂云母资源的充分发挥，实现伴生资源的综合利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lepidolite emerges as a critical reservoir of lithium resources in China, providing a pathway to efficient lithium extraction and the concurrent recovery of strategic resources such as rubidium and cesium, thereby unlocking substantial economic value. Firstly, the basic properties, structure and occurrence of lepidolite in China were introduced. Subsequently, the activation methods for lithium extraction were meticulously outlined, including acid, alkali and salt methodologies, and an exhaustive comparative analysis was conducted to reveal variations in energy consumption, cost-effectiveness, and environmental impact. Notably, certain techniques exhibit lower energy requirements and costs but entail a heightened risk of environmental pollution. Moving forward, the study delved into the intricacies of separating rubidium and cesium from the lithium precipitation mother liquor, exploring stepwise crystallization, precipitation, solvent extraction, and ion exchange methods, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of each method. It was also found that some methods are efficient but not suitable for large-scale production. In response to these findings, the study proposes a holistic paradigm, acknowledging the inherent limitations of single process. It underscores the imperative of comprehensive consideration throughout the entire process flow, proposing the selection of the most suitable integrated process method based on diverse production requirements. This strategic approach is meaningful in fully harnessing the future potential of lepidolite resources while facilitating the comprehensive and sustainable utilization of associated resources. By embracing a nuanced and integrated perspective, this study aims to contribute to the optimization of lithium resource exploitation and associated resource utilization on a broader scale.更多还原