【摘要】 目的 本研究旨在评估长三角某地级市市辖区各类医疗机构的空间可达性水平，为优化医疗资源配置提供依据。方法 本研究通过二手收集得到2024年医疗机构数据和各街道(镇)人口数据，通过公开服务平台收集得到人口空间分布数据和道路交通数据。使用基于高斯衰减函数的两步移动搜索法评估市辖区内各类医疗资源的空间可达性水平。结果 在15分钟车程内，42.5%的需求点无法到达基层医疗服务机构，属于不可达区域；综合性专科服务机构整体呈东南区域聚集分布，区域发展不均衡问题显著；口腔服务机构整体可达性表现良好，但西北部资源水平仍存在明显不足；康复服务机构可达性整体较为均衡，但西北部存在可达性待提升区域。结论 市辖区医疗机构呈现“城区密集、郊区稀疏”的分布格局，且各类医疗机构空间可达性结果不同，本研究结果可为其他城市评估医疗资源空间配置提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the spatial accessibility of various types of healthcare institutions in an urban district of a prefecture-level city in the Yangtze River Delta, in order to provide a basis for optimizing healthcare service allocation. Methods This study obtained 2024 healthcare facility data and population data for each subdistrict(town) through secondary data collection, and gathered population spatial distribution data and road traffic data from public service platforms. The Two-Step Floating Catchment Area(2SFCA) method based on a Gaussian decay function was used to assess the accessibility levels of different healthcare institutions within the district. Results Within a 15-minute drive, 42.5% of demand points cannot access primary healthcare institutions and are classified as inaccessible areas. Comprehensive specialty healthcare institutions exhibit a clustered distribution in the southeastern region, indicating significant regional disparities in development. Dental service institutions demonstrate overall good accessibility; however, resource levels remain notably insufficient in the northwestern region. Accessibility to rehabilitation service institutions is relatively balanced overall, though areas requiring improvement still exist in the northwest. Conclusion The distribution pattern of medical institutions in city districts is “dense in urban areas and sparse in suburbs”, and the results of the accessibility of various types of medical institutions are different, so the results of this study can provide a reference for other cities to evaluate the spatial allocation of medical resources.更多还原