【摘要】 针对法规逐步淘汰氢氟碳化物(HFC)制冷剂的现状，基于新型冷媒R290设计了一套电动汽车热管理系统，并通过实验和仿真对该系统的制热性能进行研究。研究表明，R290在室外温度0℃、-7℃、-20℃时的制热量，COP、HVAC出风温度表现均好于R134a,在0℃时R290系统的制热量能够达到8152 W,HVAC出风温度能够达到68.1℃。实验研究还揭示了压缩机转速对系统制热性能的影响：在满足系统的制热需求下，应选择较低转速以获得更大的制热效率。并通过实验数据验证了仿真模型的准确性，可用于系统的研究。最后通过PID算法调节压缩机转速，控制HVAC出风温度稳定在25℃,在3个温度工况下均获得了良好的表现，在-20℃时仅需332 s即可稳定在目标温度。研究证明该基于R290的电动汽车热管理系统具有较好的制热性能，具有应用于实车的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 In response to the current situation of gradual phasing out of hydrofluorocarbon(HFC) refrigerants, this paper designs an electric vehicle thermal management system based on the new refrigerant R290,and studies the heating performance of the system through experimental and simulation methods.Research has shown that R290 performs better than R134a in terms of heating capacity, COP,and HVAC outlet temperature at outdoor temperatures of 0 ℃,-7 ℃,and-20 ℃.At 0 ℃,the heating capacity of R290 system can reach 8152 W,and the HVAC outlet temperature can reach 68.1 ℃.Experimental studies have revealed the influence of compressor speed on the heating performance of the system, and lower speeds should be selected to achieve greater heating efficiency while meeting the heating requirements of the system.The accuracy of the simulation model has been verified through experiments, which can be used for the study on the system.Finally, the PID algorithm is used to adjust the compressor speed and control the HVAC outlet temperature to stabilize at 25 ℃.Good performance has been achieved in all three temperature conditions, and it only takes 332 seconds to stabilize at the target temperature at-20 ℃.Research has shown that the R290-based electric vehicle thermal management system has good heating performance and has the potential to be applied to actual vehicles.更多还原