【摘要】 视网膜类器官是通过干细胞技术构建的三维体外模型,能够模拟人类视网膜的结构和功能。随着干细胞技术、基因编辑技术和多组学分析等方法的进步,视网膜类器官在发育生物学、疾病建模、药物筛选和个性化医疗等领域展现出巨大潜力。随着技术的不断突破,视网膜类器官必将发挥更加重要的作用,为视网膜相关疾病的治疗带来新的希望。该文将结合最新研究进展,对视网膜类器官的分化过程及方法、在疾病研究中的应用等方面进行综述,并探讨其未来发展方向和面临的挑战。更多还原

【Abstract】 Retinal organoids, as three-dimensional in vitro models derived from stem cell technology, can faithfully recapitulate the structural and functional characteristics of the human retina. Recent advancements in stem cell technology, gene editing, and multi-omics analytical approaches have significantly expanded their applications in developmental biology, disease modeling, drug screening, and personalized medicine. With continuous technological breakthroughs, retinal organoids are poised to play an increasingly pivotal role in advancing novel therapeutic strategies for retinal disorders. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress, focusing on differentiation protocols and methodologies of retinal organoids, their applications in disease research, while also discussing future directions and existing challenges in this rapidly evolving field.更多还原