【摘要】 为鉴定耐热小麦材料，为小麦耐热品种选育提供依据，采用田间人工搭建塑料增温棚方式对12种不同小麦材料进行耐热性分析，在小麦花后15 d直至完全成熟阶段进行高温处理(日最高温度平均值为38.14℃)。结果表明，灌浆期高温胁迫对小麦的影响主要包括叶绿素含量降低、灌浆速率加快、灌浆持续时间缩短、粒数增加、粒质量降低等。为了弥补单项指标评价耐热性的不足，基于主成分分析、隶属函数分析、逐步回归等多元分析方法对小麦耐热性进行综合评价，提取出3个特征值大于1的主成分，累计贡献率达86.82%。根据D值聚类分析将12份小麦材料分为3类：‘郑麦366’‘小偃759’‘百农207’‘M99A-6’‘西农1668’‘中麦895’和‘M99A-2’为耐热型材料；‘西农511’‘M114-2’‘洛麦42’和‘豫同112’为中等耐热型材料；‘百农307’为热敏感型材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to identify heat-resistant wheat materials, 12 different wheat materials were selected for heat tolerance analysis, providing a basis for the breeding of heat-tolerant wheat varieties.In this experiment, plastic greenhouses in the field were constructed to analyze the heat tolerance of 12 different wheat materials, and the wheat was subjected to high-temperature treatment from 15 days after flowering until the full maturity stage(with an average daily maximum temperature of 38.14 ℃).The results indicated that high-temperature stress on wheat during the grain-filling stage reduced the chlorophyll content, accelerated the grain-filling rate, shortened the grain-filling duration, increased the grain number, but decreased the grain mass in wheat.To overcome the limitations of single-index evaluations for heat tolerance in wheat, we employed multivariate analyses, including principal component analysis(PCA),membership function analysis, and stepwise regression; and three principal components(eigenvalues >1) were extracted, explaining 86.82% of the cumulative variance.According to the D-value cluster analysis, the 12 wheat materials were divided into three categories: ‘Zhengmai 366’ ‘Xiaoyan 759’ ‘Bainong 207’ ‘M99A-6’ ‘Xinong 1668’ ‘Zhongmai 895’,and ‘M99A-2’ were classified as heat-resistant materials; ‘Xinong 511’ ‘M114-2’ ‘Luomai 42’ and ‘Yutong 112’ were classified as medium heat-resistant materials; and ‘Bainong 307’ was classified as a heat-sensitive material.更多还原