【摘要】 过量施用化肥不仅致使作物产量和品质降低，还造成土壤次生盐渍化或酸化等土壤问题，极大地制约了设施蔬菜产业的可持续发展。为确定塑料大棚樱桃番茄栽培最佳磷肥施用量，本试验以‘京番粉星2号’樱桃番茄为材料，设置4个磷肥水平（过磷酸钙16%P₂O₅）,分别为未施磷肥P₀（0 g/株）、减施磷肥P₁₅（15 g/株）、常规施磷P₃₀（30 g/株）和增施磷肥P₁₅₀（150 g/株）,对其养分积累、光合参数和果实品质及产量等进行分析，并进行转录组测序研究。结果表明：随着磷肥水平增加叶片中的磷含量始终高于其他部位，且与其他处理相比，减施磷肥P₁₅显著提高了叶片中P和K含量，且叶片光合速率提升41%,促进植株生长旺盛，抗坏血酸、番茄红素和糖酸比提高29%、16.8%、25%,产量提高35.3%,显著改善果实品质，提高植株产量。对3组(P₀ vs P₁₅、P₃₀ vsP₁₅、P₁₅₀ vsP₁₅)叶片转录组数据进行分析，在3组共有159个显著差异表达基因中进行GO功能注释分析，最终筛选出18个与养分相关基因，涉及樱桃番茄对硼、锰、锌、铁、钙、硫和氮元素的吸收、利用和运转，显著影响植株对养分的吸收积累，从而对植株产量和果实品质造成严重影响。因此该研究结果为磷肥减施的分子机制研究提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Excessive application of chemical fertilizer not only reduces crop yield and quality, but also causes soil problems such as secondary salinization or acidification, which greatly restricts the sustainable development of the facility vegetable industry.In order to determine the optimal phosphate application rate of cherry tomato cultivation in plastic greenhouses, the cherry tomato cultivar ‘Jingfanfenxing No.2’ was used as material in this experiment.Four phosphate application levels of superphosphate（16% P₂O₅） were tested: no phosphate fertilizer（ P₀ 0 g/plant）,reduced phosphate fertilizer(P₁₅,15 g/plant),routine phosphate fertilizer(P₃₀,30 g/plant),and increased phosphate fertilizer(P₁₅₀,150 g/plant).The nutrient accumulation, photosynthetic parameters, fruit quality and yield were analyzed, and transcriptome sequencing was performed.The results showed that the P content in leaves was always higher than that in other parts with the increase of P fertilizer level.Compared to other treatments, reducing P fertilizer P₁₅ significantly increased the P and K contents in leaves, increased photosynthetic rate of leaves by 41%,and promoted vigorous plant growth.The ascorbic acid, lycopene, sugar-to-acid ratio increased by 29%,16.8% and 25%,respectively, while the yield increased by 35.3%.Fruit quality was significantly improved and plant yield was increased.The leaf transcriptome data of the three groups(P₀ vs P₁₅,P₃₀vs P₁₅,P₁₅₀vs P₁₅) were analyzed.Among these, 159 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the three groups.GO functional annotation analysis was performed, and 18 nutrient-related genes were finally selected.These genes were involved in the absorption, utilization and operation of boron, manganese, zinc, iron, calcium, sulfur and nitrogen in cherry tomato, which significantly affected the absorption and accumulation of nutrients in plants, and thus seriously affected plant yield and fruit quality.Therefore, this study provides a theoretical basis for the study of the molecular mechanism of phosphorus fertilizer reduction.更多还原