【摘要】 以126份甜瓜种质为试材，对其苗期子叶大小性状进行测定，并依据此对甜瓜种质资源进行聚类分析，利用50个SSR分子标记对126份甜瓜种质进行评价，分析其遗传多样性，旨在为该126份甜瓜种质的有效利用提供参考。结果表明：不同甜瓜种质的子叶长和子叶宽均存在明显差异，且子叶长与子叶宽间呈正相关关系；基于各甜瓜种质的子叶长与子叶宽数据，可将91份种质聚类为三类，即大子叶甜瓜种质、小子叶甜瓜种质和子叶大小中等的甜瓜种质；50个多态性SSR分子标记在126份种质中平均检测出2.1个有效等位位点，变幅为1.18～4.11,Shannon-Weaver指数平均为0.80,变幅为0.33～1.50;基于50个SSR分子标记的基因型鉴定结果，126份甜瓜种质可聚类为四类，表明分子标记相较形态指标在种质资源评价中具有更高的精确性；由子叶大小和50个SSR分子标记的评价结果可见，本研究中126份甜瓜种质的遗传多样性较为丰富。更多还原

【Abstract】 To enhance the effective utilization of melon germplasm resources, this study evaluated the genetic diversity of 126 melon germplasms using cotyledon size(length and width) measurements at the seedling stage and genotypic analysis with 50 polymorphic SSR markers. The results indicated significant difference in cotyledon length and width among various melon germplasms, with a positive correlation observed between these two traits. Based on the cotyledon size data, 91 melon inbred lines used for cotyledon size measurements were clustered into three categories: large, small, and medium cotyledon size groups. An average of 2.1 effective alleles was detected per SSR marker across 126 melon germplasms, with a range of 1.18 to 4.11. The Shannon-Weaver index averaged 0.80,with a range of 0.33 to 1.50. Based on the genotypic data of 50 SSR markers, all the 126 melon germplasms were clustered into four categories, suggesting that molecular markers are more accurate than morphological indicators in the evaluation of melon germplasms. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the 126 melon germplasms possess a relatively high genetic diversity.更多还原