【摘要】 首先厘清星载合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar, SAR)敏捷成像能力发展现状，并基于天地一体化的设计思路，以珞珈二号01星的敏捷成像模式设计与在轨试验结果为例，从频段与天线体制选择、成像模式设计、遥感地面和应用系统、典型行业应用4个方面，探讨与总结了星载SAR敏捷成像的难点挑战与涉及的关键技术，最后对这类新成像模式的新应用场景进行了展望。研究表明：敏捷成像存在卫星平台机动能力和天线波束精确控制能力要求高、观测视角变化大、回波距离和方位二维耦合剧烈等难点与挑战，因此需要在敏捷成像模式设计、时域成像处理算法设计、敏捷成像几何与辐射处理等方面进一步开展理论、方法与应用研究，将敏捷成像工程化、业务化，以提升星载SAR对地观测的科学与技术水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Firstly, the current development status of spaceborne synthetic aperture radar(SAR) agile imaging capability is clarified. Secondly, taking the agile imaging mode design and in-orbit test results of Luojia2-01 Satellite as an example, based on the design concept of integrating space and ground systems, the challenges,difficulties, and key technologies involved in the agile imaging of spaceborne SAR are discussed and summarized from four aspects: frequency band and antenna system selection, imaging mode design, remote sensing ground and application systems, and typical industry applications. Finally, the new application scenarios of this type of new imaging mode are prospected. The results reveal that agile imaging has difficulties and challenges such as high requirements for the maneuverability of the satellite platform and the precise control ability of antenna beam, large changes in the observation angle, and severe two-dimensional coupling of the echo range and azimuth. It is necessary to further conduct theoretical, methodological and application researches in areas such as agile imaging mode design, time-domain imaging processing algorithm design, and geometric and radiometric processing of agile imaging. Moreover, agile imaging needs to be engineered and operationalized to enhance the scientific and technological level of spaceborne SAR earth observation.更多还原