【摘要】 西汉士人对陈涉形象的层累阐释，折射出政治话语与时代思潮的关系。他们从肯定陈涉反秦的角度，对其形象的描写表现出由“非尊非贤”到“既尊且贤”的变化，从而将西汉初期中央与地方紧张的政治局势与西汉中期儒生渴求政治话语权力，希望“传承儒道”与解释“汤武革命”的政治努力等意图赋予其中。而昭宣之后，他们否定陈涉反秦，将其斥为反贼，既是由于汉朝受命观的神化消解了陈涉的政治意义，也由于儒生仕途通达，无需再借其谋求政治权力。此外，梅福通过否定陈涉强调融合儒法改革取士制度，扬雄借批评陈涉暗含对新莽儒道实践的不满，也都折射出士人在危机中自我调适的思想轨迹。更多还原

【Abstract】 The layered interpretation of Chen She ’s image by Western Han scholars reflects the relationship between political discourse and the intellectual currents of the time. With Chen She’s role in rebellion against Qin dynasty affirmed initially,their depictions of his character evolved from “neither revered nor virtuous” to “both revered and virtuous,” and through this evolution,they sought to embed contemporary concerns — such as the tense political dynamics between the central government and regional authorities in the early Western Han,as well as the mid-Western Han Confucian scholars’ aspirations for political influence,their commitment to “preserving Confucian traditions,” and their efforts to rationalize the“legitimacy of revolutionary change” as exemplified by the examples of Tang and Wu. However,after the reigns of Emperors Zhao and Xuan,scholars began to negate Chen She’s resistance against Qin,and denounced him as a rebel,and this shift occurred not only because the sanctification of the Han dynasty ’s Mandate of Heaven diminished Chen She ’s political significance,but also because Confucian scholars,having secured official careers,no longer needed to leverage his legacy to pursue political power. Furthermore,by negation of Chen,Mei Fu emphasized the need to integrate legalistic reforms into the Confucian-based examination system,while by criticism of Chen,Yang Xiong implicitly expressed dissatisfaction with the Confucian practices under Wang Mang ’s regime. These stances reveal the intellectual trajectory of scholars to adapt themselves amid political crises.更多还原