【摘要】 武夷山国家公园是我国首批设立的五个国家公园之一。武夷山国家公园的建设对维护当地生态系统的平衡发挥着重要作用。当前，武夷山国家公园内频繁的人为干扰可能威胁着野生动物的生存，特别是可能威胁武夷山国家公园旗舰物种、国家一级重点保护物种黄腹角雉(Tragopan caboti)的生存。因此，研究黄腹角雉时空分布对人为干扰的响应对提升武夷山国家公园的生物多样性保护成效和园区管理水平具有重要意义。于2020年1月至2021年9月在武夷山国家公园布设138台红外相机，并于2023年7月至2023年9月在未布设红外相机的区域完成109.52 km样线调查。采用核密度估计法和集成物种分布模型分析黄腹角雉时空分布对人为干扰的响应，结果表明:(1)在时间尺度上，黄腹角雉与人为干扰的日活动节律重叠程度较高，雌、雄黄腹角雉分别调整日活动节律以适应人为干扰，其中繁殖季雄性黄腹角雉与人为干扰差异显著;(2)在空间尺度上，集成物种分布模型AUC值为0.85，黄腹角雉主要分布于武夷山国家公园江西片区南部及福建片区西北部。黄腹角雉适宜栖息地面积为261 km~2，高、中、低适宜栖息地分别占核心保护区总面积的4.34%、7.39%、11.89%;(3)人类足迹指数是影响黄腹角雉适宜栖息地分布最重要的环境因子，贡献率达25.88%，黄腹角雉更常出现在人类足迹指数较高的区域。建议武夷山国家公园加强园区内人为活动的监测，科学调控人为活动范围与强度，实施分区管控措施，加强黄腹角雉的整体保护。本研究结果丰富了黄腹角雉对人为干扰响应的研究，为武夷山国家公园物种保护与区域管理提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wuyi Mountain National Park is one of the first five national parks established in China. Its construction plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the local ecosystem. However,frequent human disturbances within the park might threaten the survival of wildlife,particularly impacting Tragopan caboti,a flagship species and a first-class nationally protected species in China. Therefore,studying the spatiotemporal responses of Tragopan caboti to human disturbances is of great significance for enhancing biodiversity conservation efforts and improving management practices in Wuyi Mountain National Park. From January 2020 to September 2021,this study deployed 138 infrared cameras in Wuyi Mountain National Park and conducted a 109. 52 km line transect survey from July 2023 to September 2023 in areas not covered by the cameras. Using kernel density estimation and integrated species distribution models,the study analyzed the spatiotemporal responses of Tragopan caboti to human disturbances. The results indicated that:( 1) On a temporal scale,there was a high degree of overlap between the daily activity patterns between Tragopan caboti and human disturbances. Both male and female Tragopan caboti adjusted their daily activity patterns to cope with human disturbance,with significant differences observed in male Tragopan caboti during the breeding season.( 2) On a spatial scale,the integrated species distribution model yielded an AUC value of 0. 85,indicating that Tragopan caboti was primarily distributed in the southern part of Jiangxi and the northwestern part of Fujian within Wuyi Mountain National Park. The suitable habitat area was 261 km~2,with high,medium,and low suitability habitats accounting for 4.34%,7.39%,and 11.89% of the core protected area,respectively.( 3) The Human Footprint Index( HFI) merged as the most critical environmental factor affecting habitat suitability,contributing 25.88% to the model. The species was more frequently found in areas with higher Human Footprint Index values. It is recommended that Wuyi Mountain National Park should enhance monitoring of human activities,scientifically regulate the extent and intensity of such activities,implement zoned management measures,and strengthen the overall protection of Tragopan caboti. This study enriches the understanding of Tragopan caboti’ s response to human disturbance and provides reference for species protection and regional management within Wuyi Mountain National Park.更多还原