【摘要】 在户籍制度背景下，农业转移人口大多就业于次级劳动力市场，难以获得正式就业身份，在工资福利水平、公共服务获取方面普遍低于户籍人口。基于2018年流动人口动态监测调查数据，选取工作收入、工作时间和社会保障三个维度构建农业转移人口就业质量指标体系，研究农业转移人口就业身份在教育层次对就业质量影响机制中的中介效应。研究发现：教育层次对农业转移人口就业质量的提升具有加速效应，就业身份在其中发挥显著中介作用，随着教育层次的提升，就业身份的中介效应逐步增强，促使教育对就业质量的影响在高中阶段由负转正，这一现象同样表现在工作收入、工作时间和社会保障等分维度上。基于此，本文得出结论：高中学历是提升农业转移人口就业质量的重要转折点，并提出将我国义务教育年限延长至高中的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Within the context of China’s household registration system, a significant portion of the rural migrant population is concentrated in the secondary labor market and struggles to secure formal employment status.Consequently, they generally lag behind urban residents in terms of wage and welfare levels and access to public services. Utilizing data from the 2018 Dynamic Monitoring Survey of the Floating Population, this paper constructs an employment quality index for rural-to-urban migrants based on three dimensions: work income, working hours, and social security. It further investigates the mediating role of employment status in the relationship between education level and employment quality. The findings reveal that education significantly improves the employment quality of rural migrants, with employment status serving as a significant mediator. As education level increases, the mediating effect of employment status strengthens progressively. Notably, the influence of education on employment quality turns from negative to positive at the high school level. This pattern is consistently observed across the subdimensions of work income, working hours, and social security. Based on these findings, the study suggests that a high school education represents a critical threshold for enhancing the employment quality of the rural migrant population. The study finally proposes a policy recommendation to extend the compulsory education in China to high school.更多还原